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. 2020 Nov;220(8):480-494.
doi: 10.1016/j.rce.2020.07.003. Epub 2020 Jul 19.

[Clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Spain: Results from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry]

[Article in Spanish]
J M Casas-Rojo  1 , J M Antón-Santos  1 , J Millán-Núñez-Cortés  2 , C Lumbreras-Bermejo  3 , J M Ramos-Rincón  4 , E Roy-Vallejo  5 , A Artero-Mora  6 , F Arnalich-Fernández  7 , J M García-Bruñén  8 , J A Vargas-Núñez  9 , S J Freire-Castro  10 , L Manzano-Espinosa  11 , I Perales-Fraile  12 , A Crestelo-Viéitez  13 , F Puchades-Gimeno  14 , E Rodilla-Sala  15 , M N Solís-Marquínez  16 , D Bonet-Tur  17 , M P Fidalgo-Moreno  18 , E M Fonseca-Aizpuru  19 , F J Carrasco-Sánchez  20 , E Rabadán-Pejenaute  21 , M Rubio-Rivas  22 , J D Torres-Peña  23 , R Gómez-Huelgas  24 ; en nombre del Grupo SEMI-COVID-19 Network
Affiliations

[Clinical characteristics of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Spain: Results from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry]

[Article in Spanish]
J M Casas-Rojo et al. Rev Clin Esp. 2020 Nov.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Background: Spain has been one of the countries most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To create a registry of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Spain, in order to improve our knowledge of the clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects of this disease.

Methods: A multicentre retrospective cohort study, including consecutive patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 throughout Spain. Epidemiological and clinical data, additional tests at admission and at seven days, treatments administered, and progress at 30 days of hospitalization were collected from electronic medical records.

Results: Up to June 30th 2020, 15,111 patients from 150 hospitals were included. Their median age was 69.4 years (range: 18-102 years) and 57.2% were male. Prevalences of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus were 50.9%, 39.7%, and 19.4%, respectively. The most frequent symptoms were fever (84.2%) and cough (73.5%). High values of ferritin (73.5%), lactate dehydrogenase (73.9%), and D-dimer (63.8%), as well as lymphopenia (52.8%), were frequent. The most used antiviral drugs were hydroxychloroquine (85.6%) and lopinavir/ritonavir (61.4%); 33.1% developed respiratory distress. Overall mortality rate was 21.0%, with a marked increase with age (50-59 years: 4.7%, 60-69 years: 10.5%, 70-79 years: 26.9%, ≥ 80 years: 46.0%).

Conclusions: The SEMI-COVID-19 Network provides data on the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Spain. Patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Spain are mostly severe cases, as one in three patients developed respiratory distress and one in five patients died. These findings confirm a close relationship between advanced age and mortality.

Antecedentes: España ha sido uno de los países más afectados por la pandemia de COVID-19.

Objetivo: Crear un registro de pacientes hospitalizados en España por COVID-19 para mejorar nuestro conocimiento sobre los aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos, terapéuticos y pronósticos de esta enfermedad.

Métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva, multicéntrico, que incluye pacientes consecutivos hospitalizados con COVID-19 confirmada en toda España. Se obtuvieron los datos epidemiológicos y clínicos, las pruebas complementarias al ingreso y a los 7 días de la admisión, los tratamientos administrados y la evolución a los 30 días de hospitalización de las historias clínicas electrónicas.

Resultados: Hasta el 30 de junio de 2020 se incluyeron 15.111 pacientes de 150 hospitales. Su mediana de edad fue 69,4 años (rango: 18-102 años) y el 57,2% eran hombres. Las prevalencias de hipertensión, dislipemia y diabetes mellitus fueron 50,9%, 39,7% y 19,4%, respectivamente. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron fiebre (84,2%) y tos (73,5%). Fueron frecuentes los valores elevados de ferritina (73,5%), lactato deshidrogenasa (73,9%) y dímero D (63,8%), así como la linfopenia (52,8%). Los fármacos antivirales más utilizados fueron la hidroxicloroquina (85,6%) y el lopinavir/ritonavir (61,4%). El 33,1% desarrolló distrés respiratorio. La tasa de mortalidad global fue del 21,0%, con un marcado incremento con la edad (50-59 años: 4,7%; 60-69 años: 10,5%; 70-79 años: 26,9%; ≥ 80 años: 46%).

Conclusiones: El Registro SEMI-COVID-19 proporciona información sobre las características clínicas de los pacientes con COVID-19 hospitalizados en España. Los pacientes con COVID-19 hospitalizados en España son en su mayoría casos graves, ya que uno de cada 3 pacientes desarrolló distrés respiratorio y uno de cada 5 pacientes falleció. Nuestros datos confirman una estrecha relación entre la edad avanzada y la mortalidad.

Keywords: 2019-nCoV; COVID-19; Coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; Spain.

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Figures

Figura 1
Figura 1
Origen geográfico de los pacientes, por comunidad autónoma.
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Comment in

  • Is nutrition the forgotten risk factor in COVID-19 infection?
    Carretero Gómez J, Miramontes González JP, Dueñas Gutiérrez C, Arévalo Lorido JC. Carretero Gómez J, et al. Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2021 May;221(5):311-312. doi: 10.1016/j.rceng.2020.12.002. Epub 2021 Feb 18. Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2021. PMID: 33998521 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

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