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Case Reports
. 2021 Feb 16:38:174.
doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.38.174.27910. eCollection 2021.

A case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an African adolescent male: case report

Pramodhini Moodley  1 , Jacob Merika Letlhoo Tsitsi  1 , Denasha Lavanya Reddy  1 , Mohith Debising  1 , Claudia Ickinger  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

A case of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an African adolescent male: case report

Pramodhini Moodley et al. Pan Afr Med J. .

Abstract

Since late April 2020, a syndrome now termed Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) has been seen in children and adolescents in association with COVID-19 infection. The definition of MIS-C involves fever, organ dysfunction and laboratory confirmation of inflammation in the context of laboratory or epidemiological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient under 21 years of age. Notably, cases are now being identified in adults termed Multisystem Inflammatory syndrome in Adults (MIS-A). Few cases have been reported in sub-Saharan Africa. We report a case of a young African male presenting with a maculopapular rash, persistent fever, elevation in inflammatory markers and a sudden, significant deterioration in cardiac function resulting in cardiogenic shock. The patient responded to intravenous steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and background inotropic support. The recognition of this disease entity proves even more crucial now amidst the ongoing global wave of COVID-19 infection. It is paramount to identify these patients early, leading to prompt treatment avoiding further morbidity and mortality.

Keywords: African; Multisystem inflammatory syndrome; SARS-CoV-2; case report; children.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
images of rashes on presentation and after treatment. Before: A) maculopapular, erythematous rash over palmar surface hand; B) papular rash over torso; C) desquamating rash over eyelids; D) mucositis of lips; after: E) resolution of rash over palms; F) torso; G) eyelids; H) lips
Figure 2
Figure 2
graph comparing changes in ejection fraction with temperature. Elevated Temperature shown to settle with methylprednisolone (MP) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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