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Review
. 2021 Sep;60(9):1103-1147.
doi: 10.1007/s40262-021-00994-3. Epub 2021 May 18.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Triazoles in Pediatric Patients

Didi Bury  1   2 , Wim J E Tissing  1   3 , Eline W Muilwijk  1   4 , Tom F W Wolfs  5   6 , Roger J Brüggemann  7   8   9
Affiliations
Review

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Triazoles in Pediatric Patients

Didi Bury et al. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2021 Sep.

Abstract

Triazoles represent an important class of antifungal drugs in the prophylaxis and treatment of invasive fungal disease in pediatric patients. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of triazoles in children is crucial to providing optimal care for this vulnerable population. While the pharmacokinetics is extensively studied in adult populations, knowledge on pharmacokinetics of triazoles in children is limited. New data are still emerging despite drugs already going off patent. This review aims to provide readers with the most current knowledge on the pharmacokinetics of the triazoles: fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole. In addition, factors that have to be taken into account to select the optimal dose are summarized and knowledge gaps are identified that require further research. We hope it will provide clinicians guidance to optimally deploy these drugs in the setting of a life-threatening disease in pediatric patients.

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Conflict of interest statement

Didi Bury, Wim J.E. Tissing, Eline W. Muilwijk, Tom F.W. Wolfs, and Roger J. Brüggemann have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article. Disclosures outside of this work: Roger J. Brüggemann has served as a consultant to Astellas Pharma, Inc., F2G, Amplyx, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., and Pfizer, Inc., and has received unrestricted and research grants from Astellas Pharma, Inc., Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Mundipharma, and Pfizer, Inc. All contracts were through Radboudumc, and all payments were invoiced by Radboudumc.

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