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. 2021 Jul 12;95(15):e0067321.
doi: 10.1128/JVI.00673-21. Epub 2021 Jul 12.

Adnaviria: a New Realm for Archaeal Filamentous Viruses with Linear A-Form Double-Stranded DNA Genomes

Mart Krupovic  1 , Jens H Kuhn  2 , Fengbin Wang  3 , Diana P Baquero  1 , Valerian V Dolja  4 , Edward H Egelman  3 , David Prangishvili  1   5 , Eugene V Koonin  6
Affiliations

Adnaviria: a New Realm for Archaeal Filamentous Viruses with Linear A-Form Double-Stranded DNA Genomes

Mart Krupovic et al. J Virol. .

Abstract

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has recently adopted a comprehensive, hierarchical system of virus taxa. The highest ranks in this hierarchy are realms, each of which is considered monophyletic but apparently originated independently of other realms. Here, we announce the creation of a new realm, Adnaviria, which unifies archaeal filamentous viruses with linear A-form double-stranded DNA genomes and characteristic major capsid proteins unrelated to those encoded by other known viruses.

Keywords: A-form DNA; International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV); Ligamenvirales; Lipothrixviridae; Rudiviridae; Tokiviricetes; Tristromaviridae; hyperthermophilic archaea; major capsid protein; virus classification; virus evolution; virus structure and assembly; virus taxonomy.

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Figures

FIG 1
FIG 1
Taxonomic organization of the realm Adnaviria. (A) Taxonomic ranks from family to realm rendered with different colors. (B to D) Cryogenic electron microscopy showing structures of the major capsid protein (MCP) homodimer (characteristic of rudivirids) and heterodimer (characteristic of lipothrixvirids and tristromavirids) (B), MCPs bound to the viral double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome in the A-form conformation (C), and side views of the viral nucleocapsid for each constituent family (D). Rudiviridae, Lipothrixviridae, and Tristromaviridae are represented by structures of Sulfolobus islandicus rod-shaped virus 2 (PDB accession no. 3J9X), Acidianus filamentous virus 1 (PDB accession no. 5W7G), and Pyrobaculum filamentous virus 2 (PDB accession no. 6V7B), respectively.
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