Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Mar;12(3):615-628.
doi: 10.1007/s13346-021-00971-0. Epub 2021 May 19.

Ameliorative effect of rubiadin-loaded nanocarriers in STZ-NA-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats: formulation optimization, molecular docking, and in vivo biological evaluation

Tinku  1 , Mohd Mujeeb  2 , Abdul Ahad  3 , Mohd Aqil  1 , Waseem Ahmad Siddiqui  4 , Abul Kalam Najmi  1 , Mymoona Akhtar  1 , Apeksha Shrivastava  1 , Abdul Qadir  1 , Thasleem Moolakkadath  1
Affiliations

Ameliorative effect of rubiadin-loaded nanocarriers in STZ-NA-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats: formulation optimization, molecular docking, and in vivo biological evaluation

Tinku et al. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2022 Mar.

Retraction in

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant source of end-stage renal illness all over the world in both developed and developing countries. The aim of the study was to optimize rubiadin-loaded niosomes (RLN) using Box-Behnken design for the management of streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced DN in Wistar rats. The RLN were formulated by a "thin-layer hydration technique." The optimization of RLN was done by Box-Behnken design; the independent variables were cholesterol (CHOL), Span 80, and methanol, while the dependent factors were the vesicle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The optimized formulation was characterized for various biochemical parameters including anti-diabetic activity in Wistar rats. The optimized RLN presented vesicle size of 238 nm, zeta potential -68 mV, and entrapment efficiency 85%. A noteworthy decreased in blood glucose level was detected in STZ-NA-induced DN rats when orally treated with RLN (100 mg/kg/week and 200 mg/kg/week). Oral administration of RLN formulation considerably decreased the levels of urea, uric acid, and creatinine in DN rats. In addition, treatment of DN rats with RLN formulation considerably improves the level of TBARS, GSH, SOD, and CAT. The lipid profile of DN rats was also improved on treatment with RLN formulation. This study revealed that the prepared RLN formulation was successfully optimized by Box-Behnken design and found to be useful for the management of STZ-NA-induced DN in Wistar rats.

Keywords: Box-Behnken design; Diabetic nephropathy; Nanocarriers; Rubiadin; Streptozotocin.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Ahad A, Raish M, Ahmad A, Al-Jenoobi FI, Al-Mohizea AM. Development and biological evaluation of vesicles containing bile salt of telmisartan for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2018;46:532–9. - PubMed - DOI
    1. Qi C, Mao X, Zhang Z, Wu H. Classification and differential diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. J Diabetes Res. 2017;2017:8637138. - PubMed - PMC - DOI
    1. Karnoosh-Yamchi J, Rahmati-Yamchi M, Akbarzadeh A, Davaran S, Ostad Rahimi AR, Garnoosh K, Bahmani Z, Ashoori M, Mobasseri M. pH sensitive insulin-loaded nanohydrogel increases the effect of oral insulin in diabetic rats. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2017;45:1–5. - PubMed - DOI
    1. Satirapoj B. Nephropathy in diabetes. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012;771:107–22. - PubMed - DOI
    1. Sun L, Zhang J, Lu X, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Evaluation to the antioxidant activity of total flavonoids extract from persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) leaves. Food Chem Toxicol. 2011;49:2689–96.

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources