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Review
. 2021 Sep 1;149(5):984-992.
doi: 10.1002/ijc.33690. Epub 2021 May 29.

Thyroid cancer, recent advances in diagnosis and therapy

Fadi Nabhan  1   2 , Priya H Dedhia  2   3 , Matthew D Ringel  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Thyroid cancer, recent advances in diagnosis and therapy

Fadi Nabhan et al. Int J Cancer. .

Abstract

Over the past several decades, the approach to the diagnosis and management of patients with follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer has evolved based on improved classification of patients better matching clinical outcomes, as well as advances in imaging, laboratory, molecular technologies and knowledge. While thyroid surgery, radioactive iodine therapy and TSH suppression remain the mainstays of treatment, this expansion of knowledge has enabled de-escalation of therapy for individuals diagnosed with low-risk well-differentiated thyroid cancer; better definition of treatment choices for patients with more aggressive disease; and improved ability to optimize treatments for patients with persistent and/or progressive disease. Most recently, the advancement of knowledge regarding the molecular aspects of thyroid cancer has improved thyroid cancer diagnosis and has enabled individualized therapeutic options for selected patients with the most aggressive forms of the disease. Guidelines from multiple societies across the world reflect these changes, which focus on taking a more individualized approach to clinical management. In this review, we discuss the current more personalized approach to patients with follicular cell-derived thyroid cancer and point toward areas of future research still needed in the field.

Keywords: TSH suppression therapy; radioactive iodine; thyroidectomy; well-differentiated thyroid cancer.

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References

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