Advances in targeted therapy for osteosarcoma based on molecular classification

Abstract

Osteosarcoma, a highly malignant tumor, is characterized by widespread and recurrent chromosomal and genetic abnormalities. In recent years, a number of elaborated sequencing analyses have made it possible to cluster the osteosarcoma based on the identification of candidate driver genes and develop targeted therapy. Here, we reviewed recent next-generation genome sequencing studies and advances in targeted therapies for osteosarcoma based on molecular classification. First, we stratified osteosarcomas into ten molecular subtypes based on genetic changes. And we analyzed potential targeted therapies for osteosarcoma based on the identified molecular subtypes. Finally, the development of targeted therapies for osteosarcoma investigated in clinical trials were further summarized and discussed. Therefore, we indicated the importance of molecular classification on the targeted therapy for osteosarcoma. And the stratification of patients based on the genetic characteristics of osteosarcoma will help to obtain a better therapeutic response to targeted therapies, bringing us closer to the era of personalized medicine.

Keywords: AT7519 (PubChem CID: 11338033); AZD1152 (PubChem CID: 11497983); Alisertib (PubChem CID: 24771867); Anlotinib (PubChem CID: 25017411); Dinaciclib (PubChem CID: 46926350); Everolimus (PubChem CID: 6442177); HOI-07 (PubChem CID: 72193858); JQ1 (PubChem CID: 46907787); Molecular classification; Nutlin-3a (PubChem CID: 11433190); Osteosarcoma; Palbociclib (PubChem CID: 5330286); Pazopanib (PubChem CID: 10113978); Personalized medicine; RG7112 (PubChem CID: 57406853); Rapamycin (PubChem CID: 5284616); Ridaforolimus (PubChem CID: 11520894); SAR405838 (PubChem CID: 53476877); Sorafenib (PubChem CID: 216239); Sunitinib (PubChem CID: 5329102); THZ1 (PubChem CID: 73602827); Targeted therapy; VX-680 (PubChem CID: 5494449); ZM447439 (PubChem CID: 9914412).