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. 2021 May 7:11:631682.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.631682. eCollection 2021.

Immune Microenvironment in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Potential Prognostic Indicators

Chuchu Feng  1 , Yang Li  1 , Huang Ke  1 , Xiaomin Peng  1 , Haixia Guo  2 , Liping Zhan  1 , Xilin Xiong  1 , Wenjun Weng  1 , Jiaqiang Li  1 , Jianpei Fang  1
Affiliations

Immune Microenvironment in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Potential Prognostic Indicators

Chuchu Feng et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

In this study, the immune microenvironment in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) was characterized to determine if immune indices are predictive of severity. Serum samples from 54 treatment-naïve patients were analyzed quantitatively for inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins before and after the induction of chemotherapy. The initial serum sIL-2R, TNF-α, and IL-10 of untreated LCH patients with risk organ involvement (RO+) were significantly higher than those with single-system (SS) involvement. LCH patients with hematologic involvement exhibited a significantly higher sIL-2R, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-1β expression, as compared to the group without involvement. sIL-2R, TNF-α, and IL-10 were increased in patients with liver or spleen involvement. Th cells have decreased in the liver+ and spleen+ group, and Ts cells were significantly decreased in non-response group after induction chemotherapy. The serum level of immune indices represents, to some extent, the severity of the disease. Pertinent laboratory inspections can be used to improve risk stratification and guide immunotherapy.

Keywords: Langerhans cell histiocytosis; children; cytokines; inflammation; tumor immunology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor declared a shared affiliation, though no other collaboration, with several of the authors CF, YL, HK, XP, HG, LZ, XX, WW, JL, and JF.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The serum level of inflammatory cytokines in disease classification.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The lymphocyte subset in disease classification.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Analysis of inflammatory cytokines and affected organs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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