Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- PMID: 34030811
- DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.03.002
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory disease affecting premature infants. Intestinal microbial composition may play a key role in determining which infants are predisposed to NEC and when infants are at highest risk of developing NEC. It is unclear how to optimize antibiotic therapy in preterm infants to prevent NEC and how to optimize antibiotic regimens to treat neonates with NEC. This article discusses risk factors for NEC, how dysbiosis in preterm infants plays a role in the pathogenesis of NEC, and how probiotic and antibiotic therapy may be used to prevent and/or treat NEC and its sequelae.
Keywords: Antibiotic use in newborns; Intestinal immaturity; Intestinal inflammation; NEC; Necrotizing enterocolitis; Prematurity; Probiotics.
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Conflict of interest statement
Disclosure Dr Denning receives 5-P01 HL086773 and CHOA Friends Grant. Dr Barbian receives Marshall Klaus Perinatal Research Award, American Academy of Pediatrics and Warshaw Fellow Research Award Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Pediatric Institute.
Similar articles
-
Necrotizing Enterocolitis and the Preterm Infant Microbiome.Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1125:25-36. doi: 10.1007/5584_2018_313. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019. PMID: 30680646 Review.
-
Gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates.Future Microbiol. 2016;11(2):273-92. doi: 10.2217/fmb.15.136. Epub 2016 Feb 8. Future Microbiol. 2016. PMID: 26855351 Review.
-
Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants.Evid Based Child Health. 2014 Sep;9(3):584-671. doi: 10.1002/ebch.1976. Evid Based Child Health. 2014. PMID: 25236307 Review.
-
Clinical Picture, Diagnosis, Management of NEC, and Effects of Probiotics on its Prevention: A Narrative Review.Curr Pediatr Rev. 2025;21(2):104-110. doi: 10.2174/0115733963317134240801113609. Curr Pediatr Rev. 2025. PMID: 39129157 Review.
-
Antibiotic therapy and necrotizing enterocolitis.Semin Pediatr Surg. 2023 Jun;32(3):151308. doi: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2023.151308. Epub 2023 Jun 1. Semin Pediatr Surg. 2023. PMID: 37295297 Review.
Cited by
-
Vitamin D3 alleviates intestinal injury in necrotizing enterocolitis and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in dendritic cells in rats.Turk J Med Sci. 2024 Apr 15;54(5):1165-1174. doi: 10.55730/1300-0144.5895. eCollection 2024. Turk J Med Sci. 2024. PMID: 39473751 Free PMC article.
-
Low-risk pneumatosis intestinalis in the pediatric surgical population.Pediatr Surg Int. 2024 Mar 11;40(1):76. doi: 10.1007/s00383-024-05642-y. Pediatr Surg Int. 2024. PMID: 38466447
-
Data-independent acquisition-based blood proteomics unveils predictive biomarkers for neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.Anal Bioanal Chem. 2025 Jan;417(1):199-218. doi: 10.1007/s00216-024-05637-7. Epub 2024 Nov 20. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2025. PMID: 39562369 Free PMC article.
-
Probiotic Supplements Effect on Feeding Tolerance, Growth and Neonatal Morbidity in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients. 2025 Apr 1;17(7):1228. doi: 10.3390/nu17071228. Nutrients. 2025. PMID: 40218986 Free PMC article.
-
Bioengineered Probiotics: Synthetic Biology Can Provide Live Cell Therapeutics for the Treatment of Foodborne Diseases.Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 May 17;10:890479. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.890479. eCollection 2022. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022. PMID: 35656199 Free PMC article. Review.
Publication types
MeSH terms
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Other Literature Sources
Medical
