Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Book

Nipah Virus

Balram Rathish  1 , Kushal Vaishnani  2
In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan.
.
Affiliations
Free Books & Documents
Book

Nipah Virus

Balram Rathish et al.
Free Books & Documents

Excerpt

Nipah virus (NiV) is an RNA virus that belongs to the family of Paramyxoviridae and Henipavirus genus, which also consists of Hendra virus (HeV) as well as the Cedar virus. NiV was first identified in Malaysia in 1998 and has since caused numerous outbreaks in and around South and Southeast Asia. NiV is a WHO priority pathogen due to its propensity for causing outbreaks.

NiV is a zoonotic disease, with the reservoir of NiV being the Pteropus fruit bat from which spillover likely happened to pigs and subsequently humans. NiV is considered a Biological safety level 4 (BSL 4) pathogen due to the unavailability of effective treatment or vaccination against it. As it is a zoonotic disease, a One Health approach involving humans, animals, and the environment is necessary to prevent further spillovers.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure: Balram Rathish declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

Disclosure: Kushal Vaishnani declares no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies.

References

    1. Aditi, Shariff M. Nipah virus infection: A review. Epidemiol Infect. 2019 Jan;147:e95. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ang BSP, Lim TCC, Wang L. Nipah Virus Infection. J Clin Microbiol. 2018 Jun;56(6) - PMC - PubMed
    1. Singh RK, Dhama K, Chakraborty S, Tiwari R, Natesan S, Khandia R, Munjal A, Vora KS, Latheef SK, Karthik K, Singh Malik Y, Singh R, Chaicumpa W, Mourya DT. Nipah virus: epidemiology, pathology, immunobiology and advances in diagnosis, vaccine designing and control strategies - a comprehensive review. Vet Q. 2019 Dec;39(1):26-55. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Paton NI, Leo YS, Zaki SR, Auchus AP, Lee KE, Ling AE, Chew SK, Ang B, Rollin PE, Umapathi T, Sng I, Lee CC, Lim E, Ksiazek TG. Outbreak of Nipah-virus infection among abattoir workers in Singapore. Lancet. 1999 Oct 09;354(9186):1253-6. - PubMed
    1. Chadha MS, Comer JA, Lowe L, Rota PA, Rollin PE, Bellini WJ, Ksiazek TG, Mishra A. Nipah virus-associated encephalitis outbreak, Siliguri, India. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Feb;12(2):235-40. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources