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Review
. 2021 Dec;12(1):2074-2086.
doi: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1931640.

Roles of APOBEC3 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocarcinogenesis

Yuan Zhang  1 , Xiaorong Chen  1 , Yajuan Cao  2   3 , Zongguo Yang  1
Affiliations
Review

Roles of APOBEC3 in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocarcinogenesis

Yuan Zhang et al. Bioengineered. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

APOBEC3 (A3) cytidine deaminases inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and play vital roles in maintaining a variety of biochemical processes, including the regulation of protein expression and innate immunity. Emerging evidence indicates that the deaminated deoxycytidine biochemical activity of A3 proteins in single-stranded DNA makes them a double-edged sword. These enzymes can cause cellular genetic mutations at replication forks or within transcription bubbles, depending on the physiological state of the cell and the phase of the cell cycle. Under pathological conditions, aberrant expression of A3 genes with improper deaminase activity regulation may threaten genomic stability and eventually lead to cancer development. This review attempted to summarize the antiviral activities and underlying mechanisms of A3 editing enzymes in HBV infections. Moreover, the correlations between A3 genes and hepatocarcinogenesis were also elucidated.

Keywords: APOBEC3; Cancer; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Graphical abstract
Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The process of HBV infecting liver cells and mechanisms of A3 genes in anti-HBV
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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