Functions and Targets of miR-335 in Cancer

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (18~25 nt in length) that act as master regulators of eukaryotic gene expression. They might play an oncogenic or tumor-suppressive role in multiple cancers. In recent decades, several studies have focused on the functions and mechanisms of miR-335 in cancer. The expression level of miR-335 in tissues and cells varies with cancer types, and miR-335 has been proposed as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of cancer. Besides, miR-335 may serve as an oncogene or tumor suppressor via regulating different targets or pathways in tumor initiation, development, and metastasis. Furthermore, miR-335 also influences tumor microenvironment and drug sensitivity. MiR-335 is regulated by various factors such as lncRNAs and microRNAs. In this review, we reveal the functions and targets of miR-335 in various cancers and its potential application as a possible biomarker in prognostic judgment and treatment of malignant tumors.

Keywords: miR-335 cancer; prognosis; regulation; tumor biology.

Figure 1

MiR-335 regulates cell migration and invasion in cancers through regulating various targets. By targeting RANKL, IGF-IR, ROCK1, BCL-W, Survivin, SHH, LDHB, C-Met, SIX2, OCT4, CPNE1, ICAM-1 and CRKL, miR-186 suppresses cell migration and invasion in cancers.

Figure 2

MiR-335 regulates cell cycle progression in cancers through regulating various targets. MiR-335 inhibits cell cycle progression via targeting CUL4B, MEF2D, CPNE1 and ROCK1. In contrary, miR-335 promotes cell cycle progression by targeting RASA1.

Figure 3

MiR-335 regulates the sensitivity of cancer cells to the anti-cancer treatment. MiR-335 enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to the anti-cancer treatment via the inhibition of PARP-1, POU5F1, ROCK1, SIAH2, CCNB1, Bcl-W, WBP5, C-Met and CPNE1.

Figure 4

MiR335-related signaling pathways.1, Hedgehog signalling pathway: miR335 inhibites cell growth, and metastasis and drug sensitivity via suppressing Hedgehog pathway. 2, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway: miR-335 inhibites cell growth, and metastasis drug sensitivity through suppressing AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. 3. Hippo/YAP signalling pathway: miR335 regulate drug sensitivity and apoptosis through the Hippo pathway.