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. 2021 May 28;4(1):637.
doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02164-4.

A single resistance factor to solve vineyard degeneration due to grapevine fanleaf virus

Samia Djennane #  1 , Emilce Prado #  1 , Vincent Dumas #  1 , Gérard Demangeat #  1 , Sophie Gersch  1 , Anne Alais  1 , Claude Gertz  1 , Monique Beuve  1 , Olivier Lemaire  1 , Didier Merdinoglu  2
Affiliations

A single resistance factor to solve vineyard degeneration due to grapevine fanleaf virus

Samia Djennane et al. Commun Biol. .

Abstract

Grapevine fanleaf disease, caused by grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), transmitted by the soil-borne nematode Xiphinema index, provokes severe symptoms and economic losses, threatening vineyards worldwide. As no effective solution exists so far to control grapevine fanleaf disease in an environmentally friendly way, we investigated the presence of resistance to GFLV in grapevine genetic resources. We discovered that the Riesling variety displays resistance to GFLV, although it is susceptible to X. index. This resistance is determined by a single recessive factor located on grapevine chromosome 1, which we have named rgflv1. The discovery of rgflv1 paves the way for the first effective and environmentally friendly solution to control grapevine fanleaf disease through the development of new GFLV-resistant grapevine rootstocks, which was hitherto an unthinkable prospect. Moreover, rgflv1 is putatively distinct from the virus susceptibility factors already described in plants.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Impact of X. index feeding on root tips.
Root systems of the nematode-susceptible rootstock (SO4; a, d), the Riesling cultivar (b, e) and a nematode-resistant genotype (VRH8771; c, f) that were exposed to the dagger nematode, X. index, for 8 weeks (a–c) or cultivated in soil free of nematodes (d–f). The roots of the SO4 and Riesling varieties show terminal galling and swelling (white arrows) caused by X. index. Conversely, no root deformation was observed in the VRH8771 genotype or in the nematode-free controls.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Characterisation of the nature of the Riesling resistance to grapevine fanleaf disease.
Evaluation of nematode multiplication (a) and DAS-ELISA (b) performed on roots of three grapevine genotypes. The centre lines show the medians, the box limits indicate the 25th and 75th percentiles, the whiskers extend to 1.5 times the interquartile range from the 25th and 75th percentiles, and the data points are plotted as open circles. n = 6 sample points.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Overview of the pedigrees of the populations used for genetic analysis.
The resistance phenotypes observed from leaves in each population are in blue in the square brackets (R indicates resistant and S indicates susceptible), and the corresponding presumed genotypes are in dark red in italics (r = rgflv1).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. Distribution of ELISA values in the 44628 progeny (87 individuals).
The resistant plants (17 individuals) are in green and display a max_ELISA ranging from 0.004 to 0.011 (Supplementary Data 1), i.e., lower than the detection threshold (0.012). The susceptible plants (70 individuals) are in red.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. Genetic map of the rgflv1 locus.
Ten SSR markers located on chromosome 1 and surrounding the rgflv1 locus are represented. Scale on the left is in cM.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Publication types

Supplementary concepts