Liraglutide effects on glycemic control and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus: A real-world, observational study and brief narrative review

Abstract

Background: Glycemic control and weight gain are two essential considerations in the pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pharmacological agents are effective in lowering blood glucose levels but may result in significant weight gain. Liraglutideeffectively maintains glycemic control while reducingweight.

Methods: This is a real-world study and brief narrative review of the effects of liraglutide on glycemic control and weight in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study uses data extracted from the electronic health record of the Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs.

Results: In this study of 348 subjects, there was a statistically significant reduction in hemoglobin A1c of 0.9% (P < .0001) and weight of 2.3 kg (P < .0001). The majority (77.3%) were on concomitant insulin.Subjects with a baseline hemoglobin A1c greater than 9% had a significantly greater reduction than those below 9% (-0.7%;P < .0001). Those with a weight more than 100 kg had a significantly greater reduction than those below 100 kg (-0.9 kg;P = .0096).

Conclusion: In this real-world, observational study, liraglutide was shown to be effective in improving glycemic control and reducing weight in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Clinical outcomes; GLP-1 receptor agonist; Liraglutide; Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs; Narrative review; Saudi Arabia.