Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 May 17:2021:5510124.
doi: 10.1155/2021/5510124. eCollection 2021.

Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Induced by Needle Puncture and Ovariectomy: A Rat Coccygeal Model

Tao Tian  1 , Haidong Wang  1 , Zhaohui Li  1 , Sidong Yang  1 , Wenyuan Ding  1
Affiliations

Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Induced by Needle Puncture and Ovariectomy: A Rat Coccygeal Model

Tao Tian et al. Biomed Res Int. .

Abstract

Objectives: To establish a novel animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) in rats and to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) intervention in this model.

Methods: This study was divided into two parts: animal model (four groups: Sham, ovariectomy (OVX), Puncture, and OVX+Puncture; three-time points: 4, 8, and 12 weeks; three female rats/group/time point) and drug intervention (Sham, OVX+Puncture+corn oil, and OVX+Puncture+E2; three female rats/group). The rats were analyzed by micromagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and safranin-O staining.

Results: MRI and histological scores significantly differed among the four groups at the three-time points (all P < 0.05). IVDD progressed with time in the OVX, Puncture, and OVX+Puncture groups (all P < 0.05). The changes were the most obvious in the OVX+Puncture group. In the E2 intervention part, the Veh group had the worst MRI signals and histological scores (P < 0.05). The MRI scores in the E2 group were less obvious compared to the Sham group (P > 0.05). Also, the histological scores were significantly different between the Sham and E2 groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: The combination of ovariectomy and needle puncture can synergically induce IVDD in rat coccygeal discs. Estrogen treatment can effectively ameliorate IVDD progression in the newly established IVDD models.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Representative micromagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of animals in the four groups at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. (b) MRI scores at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. ∗P < 0.05.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and safranin staining of discs in the four groups at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. (b) HE scores at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. ∗P < 0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) After successful modeling, the Sham, Veh, and E2 groups underwent micromagnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (b) MRI scores ∗P < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and safranin staining of discs in the three groups. (b) HE scores. ∗P < 0.05.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Qaseem A., Wilt T. J., McLean R. M., Forciea M. A. Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of P. Noninvasive treatments for acute, subacute, and chronic low back pain: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2017;166(7):514–530. doi: 10.7326/M16-2367. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Chou R. In the clinic. Low back pain. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2014;160(11):ITC6–ITC1. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-160-11-201406030-01006. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Adams M. A., Roughley P. J. What is intervertebral disc degeneration, and what causes it? Spine. 2006;31(18):2151–2161. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000231761.73859.2c. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Rosemont I. L., editor. United States bone and joint initiativer. The Burden of Musculoskeletal Diseases in the United States (BMUS) 3rd ed. 2016. Available at: https://www.boneandjointburden.org Accessed on July 23, 2016.
    1. Morenko B. J., Render J. A. Acquired structural kyphoscoliosis in a captive adult female rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science. 2005;44(3):36–40. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources