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. 2021 May 31;40(Suppl 1):14.
doi: 10.1186/s41043-021-00233-2.

Risk factors related with high sodium intake among Malaysian adults: findings from the Malaysian Community Salt Survey (MyCoSS) 2017-2018

Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz  1 , Rashidah Ambak  2 , Fatimah Othman  2 , Feng J He  3 , Muslimah Yusof  4 , Faizah Paiwai  2 , Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar  2 , Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusof  2 , Siew Man Cheong  2 , Graham MacGregor  3 , Tahir Aris  2
Affiliations

Risk factors related with high sodium intake among Malaysian adults: findings from the Malaysian Community Salt Survey (MyCoSS) 2017-2018

Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz et al. J Health Popul Nutr. .

Abstract

Background: High sodium intake was an established risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate factors associated with high sodium intake based on 24-h urinary sodium excretion from the MyCoSS study.

Methods: The cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults aged 18 years and above in Malaysia. A multi-stage stratified sampling was used to represent nationally. Twenty-four-hour urine was collected from a total of 900 respondents. Indirect ion-selective electrode (ISE) method was used to measure sodium intake. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis was applied to determine factors associated with high sodium intake based on 24-h urinary sodium excretion.

Results: A total of 798 respondents (76% response rate) completed the 24-h urine collection process. Logistic regression revealed that high sodium intake associated with obese [aOR 2.611 (95% CI 1.519, 4.488)], male [aOR 2.436 (95% CI 1.473, 4.030)], having a waist circumference of > 90cm for adult males [aOR 2.260 ( 95% CI 1.020, 5.009) and >80cm for adult females [aOR 1.210 (95% CI 0.556, 2.631)], being a young adult [aOR 1.977 (95% CI 1.094, 3.574)], and living in urban areas [aOR 1.701 (95% CI 1.094, 2.645)].

Conclusion: Adults who are obese, have a large waist circumference, of male gender, living in urban areas, and belonging to the young adult age group were found to have higher sodium intake than other demographic groups. Hence, reduction of salt consumption among these high-risk groups should be emphasised to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: Adults; Associated factors; High sodium; Malaysia; MyCoSS; Sodium intake.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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