Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 May 11;10(10):2060.
doi: 10.3390/jcm10102060.

Extension of Public Smoking Ban Was Not Associated with Any Immediate Effect on Stroke Occurrence in Finland

Jussi O T Sipilä  1   2 , Jori O Ruuskanen  2   3 , Jussi P Posti  4 , Päivi Rautava  5 , Ville Kytö  6   7   8   9
Affiliations

Extension of Public Smoking Ban Was Not Associated with Any Immediate Effect on Stroke Occurrence in Finland

Jussi O T Sipilä et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

We investigated the association between the widening of a nationwide restaurant smoking ban, enacted on 1 June 2007, and stroke admissions. All acute stroke admissions between 1 May 2005 and 30 June 2009 were retrieved from a mandatory registry covering mainland Finland. Patients aged ≥18 years were included. One annual admission per patient was included. Negative binomial regression accounting for the at-risk population was applied. We found no difference in stroke occurrence before and after the smoking ban within 7 days (p = 0.217), 30 days (p = 0.176), or the whole study period (p = 0.998). Results were comparable for all stroke subtypes (ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage). There was no sign of decreased occurrence in June 2007 compared to June in 2005-2006, and all subtypes of stroke occurred at least as frequently in both May and June of 2008 as in May and June of 2007. In conclusion, the nationwide restaurant smoking ban Finland enacted in June 2007 was not associated with any immediate reduction in stroke occurrence.

Keywords: public health; smoking; smoking ban; stroke.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Jussi Sipilä has received honoraria (Merck, Pfizer, Sanofi), consultancy fees (Rinnekoti Foundation, Medaffcon), travel grants, and congress sponsorship (Abbvie, Orion Pharma, Merck Serono, Sanquin, Lundbeck, Novartis) and holds shares (Orion Corporation). Jori Ruuskanen has received scientific consultancy fees (Merck, Sandoz), speaker fees (Merck, Biogen Idec, UCB Pharma, Bayer), and travel grants and congress sponsorship (BMS, Sanofi-Genzyme, TEVA, Bayer). Jussi Posti has received speaker fees (Finnish Medical Association); Päivi Rautava declares no conflict of interest; Ville Kytö has received scientific consultancy fees (AstraZeneca), speaker fees (Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Roche), and travel grants and congress sponsorship (AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bayer, Pfizer).

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Number (N) of stroke admissions by stroke type. (A) All admissions from May 2005 to June 2009; (B) May and June admissions for cerebral infarction; (C) May and June admissions for intracerebral hemorrhage; (D) May and June admissions for subarachnoid hemorrhage. The dashed line marks the introduction of the nationwide restaurant smoking ban on 1 June 2007. CI, cerebral infarction; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage. Black bars, May; grey bars, June.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Malek A.M., Cushman M., Lackland D.T., Howard G., McClure L.A. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Stroke: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2015;49:e89–e97. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.04.014. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lee P.N., Fry J.S., Thornton A.J. Updating the evidence relating smoking bans to incidence of heart disease. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2019;101:172–186. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.11.014. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Frazer K., Callinan J.E., McHugh J., van Baarsel S., Clarke A., Doherty K., Kelleher C. Legislative smoking bans for reducing harms from secondhand smoke exposure, smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2016;2:CD005992. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005992.pub3. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Herman P.M., Walsh M.E. Hospital Admissions for Acute Myocardial Infarction, Angina, Stroke, and Asthma After Implementation of Arizona’s Comprehensive Statewide Smoking Ban. Am. J. Public Health. 2011;101:491–496. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.179572. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Humair J.P., Garin N., Gerstel E., Carballo S., Carballo D., Keller P.F., Guessous I. Acute respiratory and cardiovascular admissions after a public smoking ban in Geneva, Switzerland. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e90417. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090417. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources