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Review
. 2021 May 22;14(11):2751.
doi: 10.3390/ma14112751.

Adhesion to Zirconia: A Systematic Review of Surface Pretreatments and Resin Cements

Rubén Comino-Garayoa  1 , Jesús Peláez  1 , Celia Tobar  1 , Verónica Rodríguez  1 , María Jesús Suárez  1
Affiliations
Review

Adhesion to Zirconia: A Systematic Review of Surface Pretreatments and Resin Cements

Rubén Comino-Garayoa et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

This systematic review aims to evaluate the different pretreatments of the zirconia surface and resin cement in order to determine a valid operative protocol for adhesive cementation. Methodologies conducted for this study followed the Prisma (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. An electronic search was performed in four databases. The established focus question was: "What type of surface conditioning method is the one that obtains the best adhesion values to zirconia over time by applying a resin cement?" Forty-five relevant papers were found to qualify for final inclusion. In total, 260 different surface pretreatment methods, mainly combinations of air-abrasion protocols and adhesive promoters, were investigated. Altogether, the use of two artificial aging methods, three types of cement and four testing methods was reported. The results showed that mechanicochemical surface pretreatments offered the best adhesive results. Self-adhesive cement and those containing 10-MDP obtained the best results in adhesion to zirconia. Artificial aging reduced adhesion, so storage in water for 30 days or thermocycling for 5000 cycles is recommended. A standardized adhesive protocol has not been established due to a lack of evidence.

Keywords: 3Y-TZP ceramic; cement; dental bonding; resin bonding; zirconia.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Research results by databases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow chart of the studies selection process.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Methods to condition zirconia surfaces.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Resin cement.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Bond strength testing methods.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Artificial aging methods.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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