Analytical Data Review to Determine the Factors Impacting Risk of Diabetes in North Al-Batinah Region, Oman

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most widespread diseases resulting in an increase in mortality rate, and negatively affecting Oman's economy. In 2019, an estimated 1.5 million deaths were directly caused by diabetes world health organization (WHO). The total number of diabetes cases among Omanis aged between 20 and 79 in 2015 is about 128,769, which increased in 2020 to 149,195. However, the total forecast number of diabetes cases will double in 2050 to 352,156. The healthcare spend on diabetes is 16.6%, which has triggered the need for the study. This research aims to review and analyze the prevailing situation around diabetes in Oman and its risk factors using multilinear regression tests, ANOVA, and descriptive analysis. Two hundred and fourteen samples were collected through a well-defined questionnaire using the purposive sampling technique. The study's empirical results reveal that females, who were 79% of the respondents, have at least one of their family members as a diabetes patient; 41% of the respondents were affected by Type-2 (T2-DM) diabetes, and 38% were unaware of their type of diabetes. While, 91% of them were undergoing medication. The study indicates the risk factors that impact the diabetes number and type in North Oman, which include Aage with a rate of (0.595), followed by family history (0.560), smoking habits (0.530), and being overweight (0.435). Age plays an important role in the type of diabetes of the patients, and the types of diabetes impacts medication type. The type of diabetes has influenced the frequency of diabetes patients' self-testing at home. Overall, 92% were rushed to the hospital or took medication immediately in case of a considerable variation in the readings; and 68% of the respondents complained that visiting the hospital is a costly affair and the health service is deteriorating.

Keywords: chronic diseases; diabetes in Oman; multilinear regression; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Figure 1

Diabetic Patients in Oman [8], * is the predicted numbers.

Figure 2

Theoretical Framework.