PCL/Andiroba Oil (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) Hybrid Film for Wound Healing Applications

Abstract

Developing a biomimetic material to wound care is an emerging need for the healing process. Poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is a polymer with the necessary dressing's requirements often used in medicine. Their surface, physic-chemical and biological properties can be modified by adding bioactive compounds, such as andiroba seed oil (Carapa guianensis). This Amazonian natural plant has medicinal and pharmacological properties. For this purpose, PCL polymeric films incorporated with andiroba oil were investigated. The synthesis of hybrids materials was carried out in the solvent casting method. Thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solvent type on the surface and hydrophilicity of samples was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Additionally, contact angle measurements, functional groups analysis, fluid absorption capacity, and cell viability were performed. The results demonstrated the influences of andiroba oil under the morphology and thermal properties of the polymeric matrix; the hydrophilicity of the hybrid film obtained by acetic acid was reduced by 13%; the porosity decreased as the concentration of oil increased, but its higher thermal stability. The L929 cell line's proliferation was observed in all materials, and it presented nontoxic nature. It was demonstrated the ability of PCL hybrid film as a matrix for cell growth. Then, the materials were proved potential candidates for biomedical applications.

Keywords: andiroba oil; cell viability; polycaprolactone; polymer; wound healing.

Figure 1

Schematic diagram of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) film synthesis by the solvent casting technique.

Figure 2

The optical images (OI) and microscopic (SEM) of PCL casting film at magnification 1000×, respectively: (A) PD-control OI; (B) PAC-control OI; (C) PAcA-control OI; (D) PD-control SEM; (E) PAC-control SEM; (F) PAcA-control SEM; (G) PAcA-1.7 SEM; (H) PAcA-2.7 SEM.

Figure 3

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of andiroba oil and control and hybrids film of PCL.

Figure 4

(a) TGA (b) and DrTGA analysis of andiroba oil and PCL films in acetic acid (PAcA-control, PAcA-1.7, PAcA-2.7).

Figure 5

DSC (second heat) analysis of andiroba oil and PCL films in acetic acid (PAcA-control, PAcA-1.7, PAcA-2.7).

Figure 6

Cell viability of L929 cells on PAcA-control and hybrids (PAcA 1.7 and PAcA-2.7) film after 24 h in culture. p < 0.05, n = 4. The asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference between the control and treated groups.

Figure 7

Evaluation of the fluid absorption capacity of PCL control polymeric films (PAcA-control) and incorporated with andiroba oil (PAcA-1.7 and PAcA-2.7) immersed for one hour in aqueous or protein solution. The data were plotted in the average format and standard error of the mean. The analysis was performed by 2-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s test, with p < 0.05, n = 4. The asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference between the control and treated groups.