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. 2021 May 19;11(5):900.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11050900.

Serum Anti-Collagen IV IgM and IgG Antibodies as Indicators of Low Vascular Turnover of Collagen IV in Patients with Long-Term Complications of Type 2 Diabetes

Krasimir Kostov  1 , Alexander Blazhev  2
Affiliations

Serum Anti-Collagen IV IgM and IgG Antibodies as Indicators of Low Vascular Turnover of Collagen IV in Patients with Long-Term Complications of Type 2 Diabetes

Krasimir Kostov et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

Thickening of the vascular basement membrane (BM) is a fundamental structural change in the small blood vessels in diabetes. Collagen type IV (CIV) is a major component of the BMs, and monitoring the turnover of this protein in type 2 diabetes (T2D) can provide important information about the mechanisms of vascular damage. The aim of the study was through the use of non-invasive biomarkers of CIV (autoantibodies, derivative peptides, and immune complexes) to investigate vascular turnover of CIV in patients with long-term complications of T2D. We measured serum levels of these biomarkers in 59 T2D patients with micro- and/or macrovascular complications and 20 healthy controls using an ELISA. Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) were also tested. In the T2D group, significantly lower levels of CIV markers and significantly higher levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were found compared to controls. A significant positive correlation was found between IgM antibody levels against CIV and MMP-2. These findings suggest that vascular metabolism of CIV is decreased in T2D with long-term complications and show that a positive linear relationship exists between MMP-2 levels and CIV turnover in the vascular wall.

Keywords: collagen IV; diabetic vascular complications; matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9; type 2 diabetes; vascular basement membrane.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Serum levels of ACIVAbs IgM in T2D group vs. control group. (B) Serum levels of ACIVAbs IgG in T2D group vs. control group. (C) Relationship between ACIVAbs IgM and MMP-2 in the T2D group. Data are represented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, n.s.—not significant.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) Serum levels of CIV-DP in T2D group vs. control group. (B) Serum levels of CIC-CIV in T2D group vs. control group. (C) Serum levels of free ACIVAbs IgG in T2D group vs. control group. Data are represented as mean ± SD. *** p < 0.001.
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