Why Does Israel Lead the World in COVID-19 Vaccinations? Applying Mass Casualty Event Principles to COVID-19 Vaccination Programs

doi:10.3390/ijerph18105362

. 2021 May 18;18(10):5362.

doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105362.

Why Does Israel Lead the World in COVID-19 Vaccinations? Applying Mass Casualty Event Principles to COVID-19 Vaccination Programs

Carmit Rapaport^{1

2}, Isaac Ashkenazi^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ NIRED-Institute for Regulation of Emergency and Disaster, College of Law and Business, Ramat Gan 5110801, Israel.
² Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
³ Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.

PMID: 34069898
PMCID: PMC8157562
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105362

Why Does Israel Lead the World in COVID-19 Vaccinations? Applying Mass Casualty Event Principles to COVID-19 Vaccination Programs

Carmit Rapaport et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021.

. 2021 May 18;18(10):5362.

doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105362.

Authors

Carmit Rapaport^{1

2}, Isaac Ashkenazi^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ NIRED-Institute for Regulation of Emergency and Disaster, College of Law and Business, Ramat Gan 5110801, Israel.
² Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.
³ Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.

PMID: 34069898
PMCID: PMC8157562
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105362

Abstract

The article examines Israel's experience in managing the COVID-19 vaccination program beginning in December 2020. Utilizing principles of mass casualty event management, such as triaging, flow of casualty care, and flexibility (among others), we analyze Israel's vaccination program. The successful Israeli experience was found to be based on timely coordinated and adaptive health system logistics and operations, as well as cooperative population behaviors.

Keywords: COVID-19; Israel; crisis management; mass casualty events; population behavior; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
Components of emergency response during uncertainty.

**Figure 2**
Example of a Vaccination Certificate.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

1. Rapaport C., Ashkenazi I. Managing COVID-19: Applying an Asymmetric Solution to an Asymmetric Problem. J. Emerg. Med Serv. 2020;361:1651–1661.
1. Ashkenazi I., Rapaport C. Saving Lives Versus Saving Dollars: The Acceptable Loss for Corona-virus Disease 2019. Crit. Care Med. 2020;48:1243–1244. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004452. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Excler J.-L., Saville M., Berkley S., Kim J.H. Vaccine development for emerging infectious diseases. Nat. Med. 2021;27:591–600. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01301-0. - DOI - PubMed
1. Ashkenazi I., Basavaraju S.V., Garbarino L.T., Hunt R.C., Kapil V., McGuire L.C., Peters P.S., Sasser S.M., Sullivent E.E. Interim Planning Guidance for Preparedness and Response to a Mass Casualty Event Resulting from Terrorist Use of Explosives. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Injury Response; Atlanta, GA, USA: 2010.
1. Marcus L.J., Dorn B.C., Ashkenazi I., Henderson J.M., McNulty E.J. Crisis Preparedness and Crisis Response: The Meta-Leadership Model and Method. The McGraw Hill Homeland Security Handbook. McGraw-Hill; New York, NY, USA: 2012. pp. 679–710.

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[1] Rapaport C., Ashkenazi I. Managing COVID-19: Applying an Asymmetric Solution to an Asymmetric Problem. J. Emerg. Med Serv. 2020;361:1651–1661.

[2] Rapaport C., Ashkenazi I. Managing COVID-19: Applying an Asymmetric Solution to an Asymmetric Problem. J. Emerg. Med Serv. 2020;361:1651–1661.

[3] Ashkenazi I., Rapaport C. Saving Lives Versus Saving Dollars: The Acceptable Loss for Corona-virus Disease 2019. Crit. Care Med. 2020;48:1243–1244. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004452. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Ashkenazi I., Rapaport C. Saving Lives Versus Saving Dollars: The Acceptable Loss for Corona-virus Disease 2019. Crit. Care Med. 2020;48:1243–1244. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004452. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Excler J.-L., Saville M., Berkley S., Kim J.H. Vaccine development for emerging infectious diseases. Nat. Med. 2021;27:591–600. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01301-0. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Excler J.-L., Saville M., Berkley S., Kim J.H. Vaccine development for emerging infectious diseases. Nat. Med. 2021;27:591–600. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01301-0. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Ashkenazi I., Basavaraju S.V., Garbarino L.T., Hunt R.C., Kapil V., McGuire L.C., Peters P.S., Sasser S.M., Sullivent E.E. Interim Planning Guidance for Preparedness and Response to a Mass Casualty Event Resulting from Terrorist Use of Explosives. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Injury Response; Atlanta, GA, USA: 2010.

[8] Ashkenazi I., Basavaraju S.V., Garbarino L.T., Hunt R.C., Kapil V., McGuire L.C., Peters P.S., Sasser S.M., Sullivent E.E. Interim Planning Guidance for Preparedness and Response to a Mass Casualty Event Resulting from Terrorist Use of Explosives. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Injury Response; Atlanta, GA, USA: 2010.

[9] Marcus L.J., Dorn B.C., Ashkenazi I., Henderson J.M., McNulty E.J. Crisis Preparedness and Crisis Response: The Meta-Leadership Model and Method. The McGraw Hill Homeland Security Handbook. McGraw-Hill; New York, NY, USA: 2012. pp. 679–710.

[10] Marcus L.J., Dorn B.C., Ashkenazi I., Henderson J.M., McNulty E.J. Crisis Preparedness and Crisis Response: The Meta-Leadership Model and Method. The McGraw Hill Homeland Security Handbook. McGraw-Hill; New York, NY, USA: 2012. pp. 679–710.

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Why Does Israel Lead the World in COVID-19 Vaccinations? Applying Mass Casualty Event Principles to COVID-19 Vaccination Programs

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Why Does Israel Lead the World in COVID-19 Vaccinations? Applying Mass Casualty Event Principles to COVID-19 Vaccination Programs

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