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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 May 26;18(11):5675.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115675.

Comparison of Muscle Strength, Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition between Healthy Adolescents and Those Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha de Medeiros  1 , Isis Kelly Dos Santos  1 , Anna Luiza Vasconcelos de Oliveira  2 , Carlos Jean Damasceno de Goes  3 , Jason Azevedo de Medeiros  1 , Tatiane Andreza Lima da Silva  1 , Juliany de Souza Araujo  3 , Phelipe Wilde de Alcântara Varela  3 , Ricardo Ney Cobucci  4 , Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral  1   3 , Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas  1   3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Comparison of Muscle Strength, Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition between Healthy Adolescents and Those Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha de Medeiros et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: The adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy associated with complications generated by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) promote impairments in physical fitness in adolescents. Objective: To analyze the aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and body composition of adolescents living with HIV compared with a healthy population of the same age. Methods: Searches were performed in the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and SportDiscus databases until September 2019 and updated in April 2020. Eligibility Criteria: adolescents of both sexes in the age group from 10 to 19 years; living with HIV; cross-sectional, case-control, cohort studies; comparing with a healthy population. Mean differences and 95% Confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using RevMan (software for systematic reviews). Results: Five articles were included, involving 197 adolescents living with HIV (16 to 18 years) and 185 without infection (13 to 18 years), with the sample in each study ranging from 15 to 65 adolescents. Aerobic capacity and muscle strength were reduced in adolescents with HIV, and body mass index was also significantly lower in this group. Conclusion: Adolescents living with HIV have impaired cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and body composition when compared to their uninfected peers. However, this systematic review provides limited evidence on the differences between the physical fitness outcomes of adolescents living with HIV compared to healthy adolescents.

Keywords: adolescents; cardiorespiratory fitness; child health; human immunodeficiency virus; physical fitness.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

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Figure 1
Search and selection of studies for systematic review according to PRISMA.
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