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Review
. 2021:28:48.
doi: 10.1051/parasite/2021047. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

Understanding the interactions between Eimeria infection and gut microbiota, towards the control of chicken coccidiosis: a review

Thabile Madlala  1 , Moses Okpeku  1 , Matthew Adekunle Adeleke  1
Affiliations
Review

Understanding the interactions between Eimeria infection and gut microbiota, towards the control of chicken coccidiosis: a review

Thabile Madlala et al. Parasite. 2021.

Abstract
in English, French

The gastrointestinal tract in poultry harbours a diverse microbial community that serves a crucial role in digestion and protection. Disruption of the gut environment due to Eimeria spp. parasite infection causes an imbalance in intestinal homeostasis, driving the increment of pathogens such as Clostridium species. Coccidiosis infection affects the composition and integrity of gut microbiota, resulting in elevated susceptibility to diseases that pose a serious threat to the overall health and productivity of chickens. Anticoccidial drugs have proven effective in curbing coccidiosis but with concerning drawbacks like drug resistance and drug residues in meat. The exploration of natural alternative strategies such as probiotics and phytochemicals is significant in controlling coccidiosis through modification and restoration of gut microbiota, without inducing drug resistance. Understanding the interaction between Eimeria parasites and gut microbiota is crucial for the control and prevention of coccidiosis, and the development of novel alternative treatments.

Title: Comprendre l’interaction entre l’infection à Eimeria et le microbiote intestinal pour lutter contre la coccidiose du poulet : une synthèse.

Abstract: Le tractus gastro-intestinal de la volaille abrite une communauté microbienne diversifiée qui joue un rôle crucial dans la digestion et la protection. La perturbation de l’environnement intestinal due à l’infection par le parasite Eimeria spp. provoque un déséquilibre de l’homéostasie intestinale, entraînant une prolifération des agents pathogènes tels que les espèces de Clostridium. L’infection par la coccidiose affecte la composition et l’intégrité du microbiote intestinal, ce qui entraîne une sensibilité élevée aux maladies qui ont un impact sérieux sur la santé globale et la productivité des poulets. Les médicaments anticoccidiens se sont avérés efficaces pour freiner la coccidiose, mais avec des effets négatifs inquiétants comme la résistance aux médicaments et la présence de résidus de médicaments dans la viande. L’exploration de stratégies alternatives naturelles telles que les probiotiques et les composés phytochimiques est importante pour le contrôle de la coccidiose par la modification et la restauration du microbiote intestinal, sans induire de résistance aux médicaments. Comprendre l’interaction entre les parasites Eimeria et le microbiote intestinal est crucial pour le contrôle et la prévention de la coccidiose et le développement de nouveaux traitements alternatifs.

Keywords: Chickens; Coccidiosis; Eimeria; Gut microbiota; Phytochemicals; Probiotics.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Impact of coccidiosis on bacterial species in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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