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. 2021 Jun 2;16(6):e0252530.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252530. eCollection 2021.

Significant elevation of aqueous endothelin-1 in central retinal vein occlusion

Hae Min Kang  1 , Md Hasanuzzaman  2 , So Won Kim  2 , Hyoung Jun Koh  3 , Sung Chul Lee  4
Affiliations

Significant elevation of aqueous endothelin-1 in central retinal vein occlusion

Hae Min Kang et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate aqueous humor concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) compared with patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and a normal control group.

Methods: A total 80 subjects were included in this prospective study, including 15 patients with CRVO, 20 patients with BRVO, and 45 patients who underwent cataract surgery and had no concomitant ocular disease. Aqueous humor levels of ET-1 were obtained before intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) and after 1 month.

Results: At baseline, the mean aqueous ET-1 level was 12.7±3.6 pg/mL in the CRVO group, 8.0±2.3 pg/mL in the BRVO group, and 2.0±0.9 pg/mL in the control group (P<0.001). After IVB, the mean aqueous level of ET-1 was 3.4±1.9 pg/mL (0.5-6.9 pg/mL) in the CRVO group and 1.8±1.0 pg/mL (0.3-3.2 pg/mL) in the BRVO group (P = 0.008). The mean aqueous ET-1 level was significantly reduced in both the patients with CRVO and those with BRVO (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The mean aqueous humor ET-1 level was significant higher in the patients with CRVO than those with BRVO and in the control group. After IVB, the mean level was significantly reduced in both the patients with CRVO and those with BRVO.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. A 63-year-old female patient with central retinal vein occlusion in the left eye.
She had no obvious medical history. At the time of diagnosis, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.8 logMAR in the left eye, and diffuse flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages with macular edema was noted in the fundus. Central macular thickness (CMT) was 435.0 μm in the left eye (A). One month after the first intravitreal bevacizumab injection, BCVA in the right eye improved to 0.3 logMAR. The retinal hemorrhages improved, and CMT decreased to 296.0 μm in the left eye (B). The aqueous endothelin-1 level was 12.1 pg/mL at the time of the first intravitreal bevacizumab injection and decreased to 6.9 pg/mL one month after the first injection.
Fig 2
Fig 2. A 40-year-old male patient with branch retinal vein occlusion in the right eye.
He had a history of dyslipidemia. At the time of diagnosis, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.3 logMAR in the left eye. A fundus examination revealed flame-shaped retinal hemorrhage and cotton-wool spots along the superotemporal vascular arcade in the left eye. The central macular thickness (CMT) was 586.0 μm in the left eye (A). One month after intravitreal bevacizumab injection, BCVA in the left eye improved to 0.2 logMAR. The retinal hemorrhages improved, and CMT decreased to 286.0 μm in the left eye (B). The aqueous endothelin-1 level was 12.8 pg/mL at the time of the first intravitreal bevacizumab injection, and then decreased to 1.7 pg/mL one month after injection.
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