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. 2021 Jun 2;21(1):1045.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11042-x.

Temporal trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and elderly adults from 2011 to 2015 in China: the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)

Bo Liu #  1 , Guanqun Chen #  2 , Ruijie Zhao  3 , Dan Huang  4 , Lixin Tao  5   6
Affiliations

Temporal trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and elderly adults from 2011 to 2015 in China: the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)

Bo Liu et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the updated prevalence of MetS and provide a comprehensive illustration of the possible temporal changes in MetS prevalence in China from 2011 to 2015.

Methods: The data for this study are from the 2011 and 2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). CHARLS is a nationally representative survey targeting populations aged 45 and above from 28 provinces in mainland China. A total of 11,847 and 13,013 participants were eligible for data analysis at the two time points.

Results: The estimated prevalence of MetS in 2015 was 20.41% (95% CI: 19.02-21.8%) by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (ATP III) criteria, 34.77% (95% CI: 33.12-36.42%) by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, 39.68% (95% CI: 37.88-41.47%) by the revised ATP III criteria, and 25.55% (95% CI: 24.19-26.91%) by the Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) criteria. The prevalence was higher among women and elderly adults and in urban and northern populations. Furthermore, the trends in the prevalence decreased significantly between 2011 and 2015 by the ATP III, revised ATP III and CDS criteria. However, trends increased significantly from 2011 to 2015 by the IDF criteria.

Conclusions: A higher prevalence of MetS is found in those who reported being middle aged and elderly, women, residing in northern China or living in urban areas. Additionally, temporal changes in the prevalence of MetS varied according to different criteria. Increased attention to the causes associated with populations who have higher levels of MetS is warranted.

Keywords: China; Epidemiology; Metabolic syndrome; Prevalence; Trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Age-specific prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on different definitions in 2011 and 2015. Figure a, b, c, and d shows the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between different age groups based on ATP III, IDF, revised ATP III and CDS criteria, respectively. Dotted line represents the baseline wave and a solid line represents the third wave
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Region-specific prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on different definitions in 2011 and 2015. Figure a, b, c, and d indicate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in different regions in 2011 based on ATP III, IDF, revised ATP III and CDS criteria, respectively. Figure e, f, g, and h indicates the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in different regions in 2015 based on ATP III, IDF, revised ATP III and CDS criteria, respectively. Different colors represent different regions of China. Individuals living in Hainan, Ningxia, Taiwan, and Tibet were not included in the surveys
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome based on different definitions in 2011 and 2015. Figure a, b, and c shows prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome in 2011 and 2015 based on ATP III, IDF/revised ATP III and CDS criteria, respectively. Dark bar graph represents the baseline wave and gray bar graph represents the third wave
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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