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. 2021 Jun 2;17(1):203.
doi: 10.1186/s12917-021-02904-y.

Molecular identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in animals in central and western Thailand

Aongart Mahittikorn  1 , Ruenruetai Udonsom  1 , Khuanchai Koompapong  1 , Rachatawan Chiabchalard  1 , Chantira Sutthikornchai  1 , Preeyaporn Monatrakul Sreepian  2 , Hirotake Mori  3 , Supaluk Popruk  4
Affiliations

Molecular identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in animals in central and western Thailand

Aongart Mahittikorn et al. BMC Vet Res. .

Abstract

Background: Pentatrichomonas hominis inhabits the digestive tracts of several vertebrates, such as humans, monkeys, pigs, dogs, cats and rats. This protozoan was originally considered a commensal of the digestive tract but has subsequently been identified as a potential zoonotic parasite and a causative agent of diarrhoea. Molecular techniques are considered more sensitive and specific to detect P. hominis. This study aimed to determine the presence and genetic diversity of P. hominis in animals in Thailand. A total of 403 faecal samples were collected from 119 cats, 55 dogs, 73 goats, 35 monkeys, 55 cattle and 66 pigs, and the presence of P. hominis was determined using the nested polymerase chain reaction method. Sequence analysis of small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes was used to determine the genotype of the organism.

Results: Twenty-six samples (26/403, 6.45%) were positive for P. hominis. The highest prevalence was found in cats (21/119; 17.65%), followed by cattle (3/55; 5.45%) and dogs (2/55; 3.64%). Seven out of 26 nucleotides demonstrated 100% sequence identity with existing sequences; additionally, 16 novel sequence patterns were identified. All nucleotide sequences of P. hominis-positive samples were shown in the same branch with the previously described P. hominis sequences found in humans, dogs and goat.

Conclusion: This is the first study on P. hominis infections in animals in Thailand. Our findings revealed that the prevalence of P. hominis was significantly higher in cats than in cattle and dogs. Cats were the main reservoir host; however, P. hominis can infect several kinds of animals. Therefore, the proper waste management of animals is necessary to reduce and prevent infection in the community.

Keywords: Cats; Cattle; Dogs; Pentatrichomonas hominis; Thailand.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Phylogenetic tree of P. hominis isolates and reference sequence of small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) genes from GenBank (243 positions in the final dataset). Values on nodes represent bootstrap support from the maximum likelihood methods. ▲ Novel types identified in this study
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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