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. 2021 May 27:14:621-629.
doi: 10.2147/PGPM.S303666. eCollection 2021.

Angiotensin System Polymorphisms' in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients: Assessment Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients: A Pilot Study

Concetta Cafiero #  1 , Felice Rosapepe #  2 , Raffaele Palmirotta #  3 , Agnese Re  4 , Maria Pia Ottaiano  5 , Giulio Benincasa  6 , Romina Perone  7 , Elisa Varriale  8 , Gerardo D'Amato  9 , Andrea Cacciamani  10 , Alessandra Micera  10 , Salvatore Pisconti  1
Affiliations

Angiotensin System Polymorphisms' in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients: Assessment Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients: A Pilot Study

Concetta Cafiero et al. Pharmgenomics Pers Med. .

Abstract

Introduction: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a metabolic cascade regulating pressure and circulating blood volume, has been considered the main system involved in the pathogenesis of severe lung injury and organs decline in COVID-19 patients. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE1), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensinogen (AGT) and receptors angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) are key factors for SARS-CoV-2 entering in the cells, sodium and water retention with an increase blood pressure, promotion of fibrotic and inflammatory phenomena resulting in a cytokine storm.

Methods: In this pilot study, the frequencies of six polymorphisms in the ACE1, ACE2, AGT and AGTR1 genes were analysed in symptomatic patients affected by COVID-19 and compared with the results obtained from asymptomatic subjects.

Results: Thus, we have identified that rs2074192 (ACE2), rs1799752 (ACE1) and rs699 (AGT) SNPs could potentially be a valuable tool for predicting the clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. A genetic predisposition may be prospected for severe internal organ damages and poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19 disease, as observed in symptomatic vs asymptomatic.

Conclusion: This study provides evidence that analysis of RAAS polymorphisms could be considered the key point in understanding and predicting the SARS-CoV-2 course infection.

Keywords: ACE; AGT; AGTR1; COVID-19; RAAS; SARS-CoV-2; asymptomatic; polymorphisms.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors reported no conflicts of interest for this work and declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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