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Review
. 2021 Jun;13(12):1011-1024.
doi: 10.4155/bio-2021-0024. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Lacidipine: review of analytical methods developed for pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids

Tejasvini Sai Chebrolu  1 , Lalit Kumar  2 , Ruchi Verma  1
Affiliations
Review

Lacidipine: review of analytical methods developed for pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids

Tejasvini Sai Chebrolu et al. Bioanalysis. 2021 Jun.

Abstract

Lacidipine (LAC) is a calcium antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension. It is a lipophilic drug containing dihydropyridine ring that is responsible for the activity. This review article gives an overview of various analytical techniques proposed for the determination of LAC in pharmaceutical dosage forms, in pure form, in biological fluids and to determine characteristics of LAC in modified release dosage forms. Ultra violet/visible spectrophotometric, spectroflourimetric, high performance liquid chromatography, high performance thin layer chromatography, electro-analytical, bioanalytical and miscellaneous methods such as microbiological assay, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, were discussed. Various parameters such as system suitability, selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification and robustness have been discussed for the employed methods.

Keywords: analytical methods; biological fluids; lacidipine; pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Plain language summary

Lay abstract Lacidipine (LAC) is a calcium channel blocker used to reduce blood pressure in hypertension. It has good hydrophobic interactions that gives high distribution of drug in the lipophilic membrane. Chemically, it is (E)-4-[2-[3-(1, 1-dimethylethoxy)-3-oxo-1-propenyl] phenyl]-1, 4-dihydro-2, 6-dimethyl-3,5 pyridine di-carboxylic acid diethyl ester that contains dihydropyridine ring responsible for antihypertensive activity. It is the most commonly used antihypertensive drug as it has high vascular selectivity, tolerability and large dose acceptability with negative ionotropic effects. In spite of anti-hypertensive activity, it shows anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial and antioxidant effects such as Vitamin E. It has such an important role in treating the life-threatening cardiovascular disorders. The various formulations are available in the market pertaining to this drug. In order to assess the pharmacokinetic parameters, toxicological properties and to estimate the exact concentration of LAC, various analytical techniques are employed for the estimation of LAC in pharmaceutical dosage forms, biological matrices and for the physical characterization of LAC. Here these methods are described to give a clear glance for the future scientists to develop few more easily adoptable methods.

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