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. 2021 Feb 27;34(3):167-170.
doi: 10.4103/1319-4534.310412. eCollection 2020 Jul-Sep.

The association between diabetic retinopathy and periodontal disease

Akash Tandon  1 , Yogish S Kamath  1 , Pratibha Gopalkrishna  2 , Asmita Saokar  2 , Sugandha Prakash  2 , Shailaja B Sarpangala  1 , Sulatha V Bhandary  1
Affiliations

The association between diabetic retinopathy and periodontal disease

Akash Tandon et al. Saudi J Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to study the association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and periodontal disease (PD) in a South Indian cohort.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational, interdisciplinary hospital-based study wherein patients with diabetes mellitus visiting the ophthalmology department of a university teaching hospital in coastal Karnataka, south India, during the study period, were screened independently for retinopathy by an ophthalmologist and PD by a periodontal surgeon. All the patients were above 18 years of age and did not have juvenile or gestational diabetes. A total of 213 patients consented to participate in the study. The data were analyzed for association using the Chi-square test.

Results: There was a statistically significant association between the presence of DR and PD (P = 0.02). The increasing severity of DR was associated with an increase in the components of PD including plaque index (P < 0.001) and gingival index (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: There is a significant association between DR and PD. The awareness of this association can aid in the screening of potentially sight-threatening retinopathy in diabetics presenting to the dental clinic with PD.

Keywords: Dental plaque index; India; diabetic retinopathy; gingival disease; periodontal disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

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