Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Observational Study
. 2021 Dec;92(4):1549-1563.
doi: 10.1007/s11126-021-09932-9. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

How are OCD Patients and Family Members Dealing with the Waxing and Waning Pattern of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Results of a Longitudinal Observational Study

Hannelore Ln Tandt  1 , Inge Debruyckere  2 , Lemke Leyman  2 , Roos Colman  3 , Emiel A De Jaeghere  4   5 , Hanna Van Parys  2 , Chris Baeken  6   7 , Christine Purdon  8 , Gilbert Md Lemmens  2   6
Affiliations
Observational Study

How are OCD Patients and Family Members Dealing with the Waxing and Waning Pattern of the COVID-19 Pandemic? Results of a Longitudinal Observational Study

Hannelore Ln Tandt et al. Psychiatr Q. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

The current study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of people with OCD and the degree of family accommodation (FA) by live-in family members across phases of the lockdown measures imposed by the Belgian government. Forty-nine OCD patients and 26 live-in family members participated in the study. We assessed OCD symptom severity and FA of the live-in family members, as well as depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress levels and COVID-19 related psychological distress of patients and family members at four different timepoints: one month after the start of the lockdown (T1), during the gradual relaxation (T2), between the two waves (T3) and during the second wave (T4). Results showed that although COVID-19 related stress increased and decreased in accordance with the waxing and waning pattern of the pandemic, OCD symptoms showed an initial slight increase followed by a decrease at T3 and again at T4. Changes in family members' accommodation of symptoms followed the same course as the OCD symptoms. Furthermore, OCD symptoms correlated with depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress levels and COVID-19 related distress at all timepoints. It is important to involve family members in the treatment of OCD even during a pandemic. Clinicians should also pay attention to symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress during OCD treatment. Further research is necessary to entangle the causal relationship between OCD symptoms, FA and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.

Keywords: COVID-19; Family accommodation; OCD; Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Pandemic.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

EDJ reports non-financial support from Pfizer and non-financial support from PharmaMar, all outside the submitted work and institutional (not personal). All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Total number of lab-confirmed hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Belgium (data from www.sciensano.be) and mean scores for Y-BOCS, CPDI, depression (DASS-D), anxiety (DASS-A) and stress (DASS-S) of the patients (N=49) at the different timepoints (T1, T2, T3, T4)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Pan KY, Kok AAL, Eikelenboom M, Horsfall M, Jörg F, Luteijn RA, Penninx BWJH. The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with and without depressive, anxiety, or obsessive-compulsive disorders: a longitudinal study of three Dutch case-control cohorts. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2021 doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30491-0. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Khosravani V, Aardema F, Ardestani SMS, Sharifi Bastan F. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on specific symptom dimensions and severity in OCD: A comparison before and during COVID-19 in the context of stress responses. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. 2021 doi: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2021.100626. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Khosravani V, Asmundson GJG, Taylor S, Sharifi Bastan F, Samimi Ardestani SM. The Persian COVID stress scales (Persian-CSS) and COVID-19-related stress reactions in patients with obsessive-compulsive and anxiety disorders. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. 2021 doi: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100615. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Tandt HLN, Van Parys H, Leyman L, Purdon C, Lemmens GMD. How are OCD patients and their families coping with the COVID-19 pandemic ? A qualitative study. Curr Psychol. 2021. 10.1007/s12144-021-01724-5. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fineberg NA, Van Ameringen M, Drummond L, Hollander E, Stein DJ, Geller D, Dell’Osso B. How to manage obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) under COVID-19: A clinician’s guide from the International College of Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS) and the Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Research Network (OCRN) of the Europ. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 2020 doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152174. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms