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. 2020 Oct 9;19(2):166-172.
doi: 10.1080/2090598X.2020.1831425.

Relationship between maternal age and anogenital distance in patients with primary hypospadias: A case-control study

Khaled M Abdelhalim  1 , Ahmed I El-Sakka  1
Affiliations

Relationship between maternal age and anogenital distance in patients with primary hypospadias: A case-control study

Khaled M Abdelhalim et al. Arab J Urol. .

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between maternal age and anogenital distance (AGD) in patients with hypospadias.

Patients subjects and methods: A total of 82 participants were divided into two groups, Group 1 included 52 male children with different types of primary hypospadias and Group 2 included 30 normal controls. In both groups, child age and weight, maternal age, and AGD were recorded. In Group 1, the Glans-Urethral Meatus-Shaft score was used to categorise the patients into mild (score 3-6), moderate (score 7-9) and severe (score 10-12) hypospadias.

Results: Both groups were similar for maternal age, child age and child weight (P = 0.308, P = 0.283 and P = 0.664, respectively). The mean (SD) AGD was 4.64 (1.23) and 5.33 (1.01) cm for groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.011). Patients in Group 1 were subdivided regarding severity of hypospadias into mild (40.4%), moderate (38.5%) and severe (21.1%). There was a significant relationship between older maternal age and short AGD in both groups (P < 0.001 for Group 1 and P = 0.001 for Group 2). In Group 1, there was a significant correlation between both short AGD and older maternal age, and severe hypospadias (both P < 0.001). Maternal age of ≥34 years significantly predicted a severe hypospadias score (10-12) (sensitivity 100% and specificity 68.3%).

Conclusion: Older maternal age is associated with a shorter AGD in patients with hypospadias and controls. Maternal age of ≥34 years is significantly correlated with patients with severe hypospadias.

Keywords: Anogenital distance; hypospadias; maternal age.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest, including specific financial interests, relations and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Correlation between maternal age (years) and AGD (cm) in the control group (Group 2)*.*Pearson correlation test, P = 0.001
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Correlation between maternal age (years) and AGD (cm) in the hypospadias group (Group 1)*.*Pearson correlation test, P < 0.001
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Correlation between AGD (cm) and GMS score for severity of hypospadias*
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Correlation between maternal age (years) and GMS score for severity of hypospadias*
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Cut-off value of maternal age for predicting severe GMS score
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

  • Pediatric Urology.
    Canning DA. Canning DA. J Urol. 2021 Jul;206(1):146-148. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001798. Epub 2021 Apr 20. J Urol. 2021. PMID: 33874726 No abstract available.

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