Affiliations

• ¹ Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiac Surgery in the Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill. Electronic address: chris.malaisrie@nm.org.
• ² Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa.
• ³ Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Cardiac Surgery in the Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill.
• ⁴ Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
• ⁵ Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
• ⁶ Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
• ⁷ Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC.
• ⁸ Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
• ⁹ Division of Cardiac Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass.
• ¹⁰ Cardio-Aortic Center, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
• ¹¹ Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• ¹² Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor, Mich.
• ¹³ Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
• ¹⁴ Division of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
• ¹⁵ Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St Louis, Mo.