Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Mar;156(3):521-528.
doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13784. Epub 2021 Jul 14.

Effects of HIV infection on metastatic cervical cancer and age at diagnosis among patients in Lusaka, Zambia

Mario Jesus Trejo  1 , Amr S Soliman  2 , Yuli Chen  3 , Mulele Kalima  4 , Alick Chuba  4 , Eslone Chama  4 , Catherine K Mwaba  5 , Lewis Banda  5 , Kennedy Lishimpi  5
Affiliations

Effects of HIV infection on metastatic cervical cancer and age at diagnosis among patients in Lusaka, Zambia

Mario Jesus Trejo et al. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2022 Mar.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the association between the duration of HIV infection and the stage of cervical cancer in Lusaka, Zambia.

Methods: This retrospective case-case study included 1583 cervical cancer patients from the Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. A sub-population of HIV-positive patients with additional clinical HIV information was identified following linkage of cancer and HIV databases. Logistic regression models examined the relationship between HIV status and early-onset cervical cancer diagnosis, and between HIV infection duration and initial diagnosis of metastatic cervical cancer.

Results: The study population had an average age of 49 years and 40.9% had an initial diagnosis of metastatic cancer. HIV-positive women were more than twice as likely to be diagnosed at early-onset cervical cancer compared with HIV-negative women. Among the sub-population of HIV-positive patients, a longer duration of HIV infection was associated with 20% lowered odds of initial metastatic cancer diagnosis.

Conclusion: The availability, accessibility, and impact of the cervical screening program in this population should be further examined to elucidate the relationship between cervical screening, age, and duration of HIV infection and the the stage of diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Keywords: HIV; Zambia; age; cervical cancer; stage.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Flow Diagram for cervical cancer patients seen at the Cancer Diseases Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Bray F, et al., Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin, 2018. 68(6): p. 394–424. - PubMed
    1. Bateman AC, et al., The burden of cervical pre-cancer and cancer in HIV positive women in Zambia: a modeling study. BMC Cancer, 2015. 15(1): p. 541. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Kalima M, et al., Observed and expected incidence of cervical cancer in lusaka and the southern and Western provinces of Zambia, 2007 to 2012. International journal of gynecological cancer: official journal of the International Gynecological Cancer Society, 2015. 25(1): p. 98–105. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Nour NM, Cervical cancer: a preventable death. Reviews in obstetrics & gynecology, 2009. 2(4): p. 240–244. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Parham GP, et al., Population-Level Scale-Up of Cervical Cancer Prevention Services in a Low-Resource Setting: Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program in Zambia. PLOS ONE, 2015. 10(4): p. e0122169. - PMC - PubMed