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. 2021 Jun;116(6):1127-1136.
doi: 10.36660/abc.20190397.

Influence of Consumption of Orange Juice (Citrus Sinensis) on Cardiac Remodeling of Rats Submitted to Myocardial Infarction

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Affiliations

Influence of Consumption of Orange Juice (Citrus Sinensis) on Cardiac Remodeling of Rats Submitted to Myocardial Infarction

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Bruna C Oliveira et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021 Jun.

Abstract

Background: Orange juice (OJ) is rich in polyphenols with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. After myocardial infarction (MI), complex changes occur in cardiac structure and function, which is known as cardiac remodeling (CR). Oxidative stress and inflammation can modulate this process. We hypothesized that the consumption of OJ attenuates the CR after MI.

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of OJ on CR after MI by analysis of functional, morphological, oxidative stress, inflammation, and energy metabolism variables.

Methods: A total of 242 male rats weighing 200-250 g were submitted to a surgical procedure (coronary artery ligation or simulated surgery). Seven days after surgery, survivors were assigned to one of the four groups 1) SM, sham animals with water and maltodextrin (n= 20); 2) SOJ, sham animals with OJ (n= 20); 3) IM, infarcted animals with water and maltodextrin (n= 40); and 4) IOJ, infarcted animals with OJ (n = 40). Statistical analysis was performed by the two-way ANOVA supplemented by Holm-Sidak. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation, the level of significance adopted was 5%.

Results: After 3 months, MI led to left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, with systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and increased oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators. OJ intake reduced LV cavity and improved systolic and diastolic function. The OJ animals presented lower activity of glutathione peroxidase and higher expression of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1).

Conclusion: OJ attenuated CR in infarcted rats and HO-1 may be play an important role in this process.

Fundamento: O suco de laranja (SL) é rico em polifenóis com propriedades anti-inflamatórias e antioxidantes. Após o infarto do miocárdio (IM), mudanças complexas ocorrem na estrutura e na função cardíacas, processo conhecido como remodelação cardíaca (RC). O estresse oxidativo e a inflamação podem modular esse processo. Nossa hipótese foi a de que o consumo de SL atenua a RC após o IM.

Objetivos: Avaliar a influência do SL sobre a RC após IM pela análise de variáveis funcionais, morfológicas, de estresse oxidativo, de inflação, e de metabolismo energético.

Métodos: Um total de 242 ratos machos pesando entre 200 e 250g foram submetidos a um procedimento cirúrgico (ligação da artéria coronária ou cirurgia simulada). Sete dia após a cirurgia, os animais sobreviventes foram divididos para um dos quatro grupos: 1) SM, animais sham que receberam água e maltodextrina (n= 20); 2) SSL, animais sham que receberam SL (n= 20); 3) IM, animais infartados que receberam água e maltodextrina (n= 40); e 4) ISL, animais infartados que receberam SL (n = 40). A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste de ANOVA com dois fatores com o teste de Holm-Sidak. Os resultados foram apresentados em média ± desvio padrão, e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%.

Resultados: Três meses depois, o IM levou à hipertrofia do ventrículo esquerdo (VE), com disfunção sistólica e diastólica, e aumento nos mediadores inflamatórios e de estresse oxidativo. Os animais que consumiram SL apresentaram menor atividade da glutationa peroxidase e maior expressão da heme-oxigenase-1 (HO-1).

Conclusão: O SL atenuou a RC, e a HO-1 pode exercer um importante papel nesse processo.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potenciais conflitos de interesse

Não há conflito com o presente artigo

Figures

Figura 1
Figura 1. – Expressão de fator nuclear eritroide 2 relacionado ao fator 2 (Nrf2) e heme-oxigenase-1 (OH-1) em ratos sham e ratos infartados por Western blot. Gráfico de barras mostrando a expressão de Nrf-2 e de HO-1 em cada grupo (A) expressão do Nrf-2 e Western blot representativo; tamanho da amostra: 8 animais em cada grupo; (B) expressão de HO-1 e Western blot representativo; tamanho da amostra: SM = 5; SSL = 6; IM = 5; ISL = 5; GAPDH gliceraldeído -3-fosfato-desidrogenase; dados expressos em média ± DP. p(I): valor p entre animais infartados e não infartados; p(SL): valor p entre animais que receberam maltodextrina e animais que receberam suco de laranja; p(IxSL): representa o valor de p quando houve interação entre fatores relacionados a infarto e fatores relacionados ao consumo de suco de laranja
Figura 2
Figura 2. – Esquema ilustrativo dos principais achados do estudo.
Figure 1
Figure 1. – Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in sham and infarcted rats by Western blot. Bar chart showing the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in each group (A) Nrf2 expression and representative Western blot; sample size: 8 in each group. (B) HO-1 expression and representative Western blot; sample size: SM = 5; SOJ = 6; IM = 5; IOJ = 5. GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. p(I): p value between non-infarcted animals vs. infarcted animals; p(OJ): p value between animals that received maltodextrin vs. animals that received orange juice; p(IxOJ): p-value for the interaction between the factors of infarction and orange juice intake.
Figure 2
Figure 2. – Scheme illustrating the main findings of this study.

Comment in

  • Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Orange Juice.
    Martinez PF, Carvalho MR, Mendonça MLM, Okoshi MP, Oliveira-Junior SA. Martinez PF, et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021 Jun;116(6):1137-1138. doi: 10.36660/abc.20210418. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021. PMID: 34133600 Free PMC article. English, Portuguese. No abstract available.

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