Effect of silver nitrate and growth regulators to enhance anther culture response in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Application of chemical substances as stress pre-treatment factors may positively influence androgenetic responses in cereal and other crops. AgNO₃ is an anti-ethylene compounds that played a significant role in combination with other chemicals for anther culture responses in cereal and other crop plants. For this study two local wheat cultivars viz. Kheri and Akbar were considered to evaluate the effect of AgNO₃ and to optimize the suitable doses of plant growth regulators, amino acids and sucrose that supplemented in MS medium. Data were recorded on the basis of embryoids induction, regenerated green and albino plants. The results clearly stated that anther culture responses and its major outcomes on regeneration significantly increased with suitable dosages of chemicals. The most noteworthy increases embryo like structures and regenerated green plants accomplished by utilizing the combined effect of AgNO₃ (50 mg/l) and as plant growth regulators IAA (1.0 mg/l) + kinetin (0.5 mg/l). Best embryo like structures (79.17%) and green plants (33.33%) were recorded in Kheri. The results clearly stated that reducing albinism and increasing embryos induction and green plants 50-75 mg/l silver nitrate along with optimum doses of IAA and kinetin showed very effective results in wheat.

Keywords: Albinism; Anther culture; Chemical stress pre-treatment factors; Plant growth regulators; Regeneration; Silver nitrate; Wheat.

Figure 1

(a–e). Inoculated anthers and its subsequent regeneration. (a) ELS appearance from anthers after two weeks of culture initiation, (b) ELS formation, (c) initiation of green and albino plants, (d) plants with well-developed shoots and roots, (e) well rooted plants were transferred to culture bottle for root and shoot development.

Figure 2

Genotypic effect of ELS formation and TRP on an average of four different concentrations and combinations of silver nitrate and PGRs. In a column the mean values followed by same letter(s) are not significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 according to DMRT.