[Family influences on maternal feeding practices of preschool children from vulnerable families in the Metropolitan Region of Chile]
- PMID: 34144427
- PMCID: PMC8220171
- DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2021.102122
[Family influences on maternal feeding practices of preschool children from vulnerable families in the Metropolitan Region of Chile]
Abstract
Objective: To explore family members' influences on mothers' feeding practices of preschoolers in Chilean families residing in vulnerable neighborhoods from the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, Chile.
Design: Qualitative study.
Location: Nine child care centers in Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
Participants: Twenty-four mothers and one father of preschool children.
Method: Photo-elicitation techniques were applied to 25 semi-structured interviews and their subsequent inductive thematic analysis of family influences.
Results: The participants described that the family influences on their feeding practices depended on the family structure and the interpersonal closeness between relatives. Some influences directly affected child eating behavior, especially in relatives who live together, while others were mediated by the relationships generated between parents and other members of the family. Fathers, in two-parent families, and grandparents are the most influential relatives on the participants' feeding practices. Generally, fathers participated and were in line with the mother's feeding practices of their children. Grandparents enriched their grandchildren's eating experiences by offering homemade preparations, expressing affection with food, including unhealthy options, and supporting parents to diversifying and structuring feeding practices.
Conclusions: According to their interpersonal closeness or cohabitation, parental feeding practices and child eating behaviors were impacted by family members and their dynamics. The development of strategies to prevent and treat childhood obesity should consider a family approach in vulnerable families.
Objetivo: Explorar las influencias de integrantes del grupo familiar en las prácticas de alimentación de madres hacia preescolares, en familias de barrios vulnerables en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago, Chile.
Diseño: Estudio cualitativo.
Lugar: Nueve jardines infantiles de la Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile.
Participantes: Veinticuatro madres y un padre de hijos preescolares.
Método: Se realizaron 25 entrevistas semiestructuradas con técnica de foto-elicitación y su posterior análisis temático inductivo de las influencias familiares.
Resultados: Las participantes describieron que las influencias familiares sobre las prácticas de alimentación que aplicaban en sus hijos preescolares dependían de la estructura familiar y de la cercanía entre familiares. Algunas de estas influencias afectan directamente la conducta alimentaria del niño, especialmente en familiares que cohabitan juntos, mientras que otras estaban mediadas por las relaciones generadas entre padres y otros miembros de la familia. El padre, en familias biparentales, y abuelos del preescolar son los familiares más influyentes. Los padres participan en la alimentación del niño y generalmente se alinean a las prácticas de alimentación con la madre. Los abuelos enriquecen la experiencia alimentaria de preescolares ofreciendo preparaciones caseras, expresando afecto con los alimentos, incluso opciones poco saludables, y apoyando a padres a diversificar y estructurar la alimentación del niño.
Conclusiones: El impacto de familiares y sus dinámicas en las prácticas alimentarias parentales y la alimentación de preescolares varían según la cercanía o cohabitación entre familiares. El desarrollo de estrategias de prevención y tratamiento de obesidad infantil debería considerar un enfoque familiar en familias vulnerables.
Keywords: Child; Conducta alimentaria; Familia; Family; Feeding behavior; Preescolar; Preschool.
Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
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