Evaluation of diagnosis and prognosis with anti-mullerian hormone level in early missed abortion

Abstract

Objective: This research was designed to probe into the clinical significance of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels in early missed abortion.

Methods: Forty-six women with early missed abortions treated in our hospital from October 2018 to June 2019 were collected as the research subjects and included in the observation group (OG), while 51 normal pregnant women were included in the control group (CG) during the same period. The levels of AMH, human follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and human luteinizing hormone (LH) in the serum of women of both groups were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The diagnostic value of AMH in early missed abortion was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The correlation between AMH and FSH, LH was assessed via Pearson correlation. According to the median expression of AMH before treatment, patients were divided into high and low expression groups (HEG, LEG, respectively), and time of vaginal bleeding and menstrual resurgence, and the incidence of coagulation dysfunction were compared after operation.

Results: The AMH and FSH levels in serum of patients in the OG were obviously lower than those in the CG, and the LH level was markedly higher. The area under the curve of serum AMH was 0.867. AMH was positively correlated with FSH and negatively correlated with LH. The time of vaginal bleeding and menstruation resurgence of the HEG patients were remarkably lower than those of the LEG (All P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Serum AMH level is expected to be a good prognostic indicator in diagnosing early missed abortion.

Keywords: Anti-mullerian hormone; diagnosis; early missed abortion; prognosis.

Figure 1

Expression levels of AMH, FSH and LH. A. The level of AMH in the observation group is markedly lower than that in the control group (t=7.658, P < 0.001). B. The FSH level in the observation group is dramatically lower than that in the control group (t=5.310, P < 0.001). C. The LH level in the observation group is remarkably higher than that in the control group (t=9.132, P < 0.001). *** means P < 0.001. D. The diagnostic ROC curve of AMH in early missed abortion shows that the area under the curve is 0.867, and the sensitivity and specificity are 80.43% and 78.43%.

Figure 2

Correlation between AMH and FSH, LH. A. There is a positive correlation between AMH and FSH (r=0.780, P < 0.001). B. AMH is positively correlated with LH (r=-0.724, P < 0.001).