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Review
. 2021 Oct 28:519:20-29.
doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.06.010. Epub 2021 Jun 18.

The treatment landscape of metastatic prostate cancer

Yasutaka Yamada  1 , Himisha Beltran  2
Affiliations
Review

The treatment landscape of metastatic prostate cancer

Yasutaka Yamada et al. Cancer Lett. .

Abstract

The treatment landscape of metastatic prostate cancer has evolved significantly over the past two decades. Several landmark phase 3 trials led to new drug approvals and rapid changes in therapy options for patients, including drugs with distinct mechanisms of action (e.g., hormonal, chemotherapy, radionuclide, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies). Therapies initially developed in later stages of the disease (metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer) have started to move earlier in the prostate cancer continuum, with new standards of care for metastatic hormone naive prostate cancer and non-metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Overall, patients are living longer with a better quality of life. However, despite these significant advances, prostate cancer remains a leading cause of cancer death globally. Disease heterogeneity and the emergence of therapy resistance remain significant barriers, and the identification and application of molecular biomarkers to guide the choice and sequencing of systemic agents are still in early stages. Here we discuss the current treatment landscape of metastatic prostate cancer, clinical challenges, and the emerging role of molecular biomarkers for targeting biologic subsets of advanced disease and co-targeting heterogenous resistance patterns.

Keywords: Androgen receptor pathway inhibitor; Castration resistance; Metastatic prostate cancer; Precision medicine; Treatment sequencing.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interests

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The current landscape of systemic therapies in prostate cancer
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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