One-Year Outcome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome - An Analysis of 20,042 Patients From a Japanese Nationwide Registry

Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) hospital survivors experience a wide array of late adverse cardiac events, despite considerable advances in the quality of care. We investigated 30-day and 1-year outcomes of ACS hospital survivors using a Japanese nationwide cohort.

Methods and results: We studied 20,042 ACS patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 2017: 10,242 (51%) with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 3,027 (15%) with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and 6,773 (34%) with unstable angina (UA). The mean (±SD) age was 69.6±12.4 years, 77% of the patients were men, and 20% had a previous history of PCI. The overall 30-day all-cause, cardiac, and non-cardiac mortality rates were 3.0%, 2.4%, and 0.6%, respectively. The overall 1-year incidence of all-cause, cardiac, and non-cardiac death was 7.1%, 4.2%, and 2.8%, respectively. Compared with UA patients, STEMI patients had a higher risk of all fatal events, non-fatal ischemic stroke, and acute heart failure, and NSTEMI patients had a higher risk of heart failure.

Conclusions: The results from our ACS hospital survivor PCI database suggest the need to improve care for the acute myocardial infarction population to lessen the burden of 30-day mortality due to ACS, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death, as well as 1-year ischemic stroke and heart failure events.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndrome; Acute myocardial infarction; Mortality; Outcome; Percutaneous coronary intervention.