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Review
. 2021 Dec;36(1):1115-1144.
doi: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1890066.

Application of triazoles in the structural modification of natural products

Hong-Yan Guo  1 , Zheng-Ai Chen  2 , Qing-Kun Shen  1 , Zhe-Shan Quan  2
Affiliations
Review

Application of triazoles in the structural modification of natural products

Hong-Yan Guo et al. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2021 Dec.

Abstract

Nature products have been extensively used in the discovery and development of new drugs, as the most important source of drugs. The triazole ring is one of main pharmacophore of the nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Thus, a new class of triazole-containing natural product conjugates has been synthesised. These compounds reportedly exert anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, and enzyme inhibitory effects. This review summarises the research progress of triazole-containing natural product derivatives involved in medicinal chemistry in the past six years. This review provides insights and perspectives that will help scientists in the fields of organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry, phytochemistry, and pharmacology.

Keywords: Natural products; biological activity; triazole.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Chemical structures of 1,2,3-triazole and 1,2,4-triazole motifs.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Some of the drugs available in the market containing 1,2,3-triazole ring.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
The chemical structures of anti-lung cancer compounds 1–5.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
The chemical structures of anti-breast cancer compounds 6–11.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
The chemical structures of anti-gastric cancer compounds 12–13.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
The chemical structures of anti-ovarian cancer compound 14, anti-liver cancer compounds 15–16, and anti-pancreatic cancer compound 17.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
The chemical structures of anti-colon cancer compounds 18–20.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
The chemical structures of anti-leukaemia compounds 21–23.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
The chemical structures of anti-multiple cancer cells compounds 24–43.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
The chemical structures of anti-inflammatory compounds 44–49.
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
The chemical structures of antibacterial compounds 50–58.
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
The chemical structures of antifungal compounds 59–60.
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
The chemical structures of anti-multiple timicrobial compounds 61–62.
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
The chemical structures of anti-leishmanial compounds 63–65.
Figure 15.
Figure 15.
The chemical structures of antimalarial compounds 66–71.
Figure 16.
Figure 16.
The chemical structures of anti-Toxoplasma gondii compounds 72–74.
Figure 17.
Figure 17.
The chemical structure of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi compound 75.
Figure 18.
Figure 18.
The chemical structures of anti-multiple parasitic compounds 76–77.
Figure 19.
Figure 19.
The chemical structures of antiviral compounds 78–79.
Figure 20.
Figure 20.
The chemical structures of antioxidant compounds 80–81.
Figure 21.
Figure 21.
The chemical structures of anti-Alzheimer compounds 82–91.
Figure 22.
Figure 22.
The chemical structures of enzyme inhibitors 92–94.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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