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. 2020 Oct-Dec;61(4):1213-1220.
doi: 10.47162/RJME.61.4.22.

Oral cancer histopathological subtypes in association with risk factors: a 5-year retrospective study

Alexandra Roi  1 , Ciprian Ioan Roi, Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu, Mircea Riviş, Ioana Daniela Badea, Noemi Meszaros, Laura Cristina Rusu, Stela Iurciuc
Affiliations

Oral cancer histopathological subtypes in association with risk factors: a 5-year retrospective study

Alexandra Roi et al. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2020 Oct-Dec.

Abstract

Background: Oral cancer is a worldwide public health problem, being the sixth most common neoplasm. The high mortality rate of this type of cancer is due to a delayed diagnosis, a fast evolution and metastasis, no primary symptomatology, the multitude of risk factors and the lack of awareness among the population concerning oral malignancy.

Aim: The aim of this 5-year retrospective study was to evaluate the incidence of oral cancer patients in the Clinic of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Emergency County Hospital, Timişoara, Romania and quantify the histopathological (HP) subtypes, localization, age, gender, tumor staging and differentiation, positive loco-regional lymph nodes and risk factors.

Patients, materials and methods: A number of 129 patients diagnosed with oral cancer were included in the study and their medical records were analyzed. A statistical analysis was performed that included the variables gender, age, tumor staging, differentiation grade, HP subtype, lymph nodes, localization, and risk factors.

Results: Our results outlined a high prevalence of oral cancer among males (65.9%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) being the most common HP subtype. Tumor staging revealed the fact that the majority of were T3 and T4 tumors with dissemination in the loco-regional lymph nodes. In 52% of the cases, tobacco was identified as a risk factor, and the association of tobacco and alcohol was present in 28.3% of the cases.

Conclusions: The early diagnosis is crucial for the improvement of oral cancer survival rate. The oral cavity is permanently exposed to carcinogenic substances that associated with other risk factors have an influence upon the incidence of oral malignancies.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Lip squamous cell carcinoma, T1N0M0, G1 (well differentiated). HE staining, ×200
Figure 2
Figure 2
Epidermoid carcinoma of the lingual mucosa, T2N0M0, G2 (moderate differentiated). HE staining, ×200
Figure 3
Figure 3
Oral squamous cell carcinoma, T1N3M0, G3 (poorly differentiated). HE staining, ×200
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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