Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Nov;259(11):3485-3499.
doi: 10.1007/s00417-021-05266-1. Epub 2021 Jun 26.

Epidemiology and outcomes of open globe injuries: the international globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES)

Annette K Hoskin  1   2 , Rebecca Low  3   4 , Parveen Sen  5 , Chitaranjan Mishra  6 , Tengku Ain Kamalden  7 , Fasika Woreta  8 , Mehul Shah  9 , Marian Pauly  10 , Andres Rousselot  11 , Gangadhara Sundar  12 , Sundaram Natarajan  13 , Lisa Keay  14   15 , Dinesh Visva Gunasekeran  4 , Stephanie L Watson  1 , Rupesh Agrawal  16 ; IGATES Study Group - An Asia Pacific Ophthalmic Trauma Society publication
Collaborators, Affiliations

Epidemiology and outcomes of open globe injuries: the international globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES)

Annette K Hoskin et al. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021 Nov.

Erratum in

Abstract

Purpose: To detail the methodology for a novel ocular trauma registry and utilize the registry to determine the demographics, nature of injury, and associations of severe visual loss for open globe injuries (OGI).

Methods: Thirteen hospitals in 7 countries used International Globe and Adnexal Trauma Epidemiology Study (IGATES) platform. Patients presenting between April 2009 and 2020 with OGI (with or without) adnexal involvement or intraocular foreign body (IOFB) were included.

Results: Analyses of presenting and final VA, using "severe vision loss" (VA ≤ 6/60) and "no severe loss" (VA > 6/60), were performed. Four hundred fifty-four (64%) patients had VA < 6/60 at presentation and 327 (44.8%) at final follow-up, with a highly significant association between presenting and final VA (p < 0.0001). From the cohort of 746 patients, 37 were missing VA at presentation and 16 at follow-up and complete clinical data was available for 354 patients. The male to female ratio is 6:1, and mean age 36.0 ± 20.0 years old. Relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), zone III injury, IOFB, and eyelid injury at presentation were recorded in 50 (6.7%), 55 (7.8%), 97 (13%), and 87 (11.7%) patients, respectively, and were significantly associated with VA < 6/60 at follow-up. Older age, ≥ 61 years, was associated with 3.39 times (95% CI: 1.95-5.89) higher risk than ≤20-year-old patients (p < 0.0001) and males 0.424 times (95% CI: 0.27-0.70) lower risk than female (p = 0.0001) of severe vision loss (SVL).

Conclusion: In OGIs from 13 hospitals, female gender, older age, zone III injury, eyelid injury, and IOFB were associated with higher risk of visual outcome of SVL.

Keywords: Ocular trauma; Open globe injury; Prevention; Registry; Vision loss.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Thylefors B (1992) Epidemiological patterns of ocular trauma. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol 20(2):95–98 - DOI
    1. Negrel AD, Thylefors B (1998) The global impact of eye injuries. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 5(3):143–169 - DOI
    1. Munoz E (1984) Economic costs of trauma, United States, 1982. J Trauma 24(3):237–244 - DOI
    1. Luo H, Beckles GL, Fang X, Crews JE, Saaddine JB, Zhang X (2012) Socioeconomic status and lifetime risk for workplace eye injury reported by a us population aged 50 years and over. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 19(2):103–110 - DOI
    1. Katz J, Tielsch JM (1993) Lifetime prevalence of ocular injuries from the Baltimore eye survey. Arch Ophthalmol 111(11):1564–1568 - DOI

LinkOut - more resources