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. 2021 Jun 26;20(1):60.
doi: 10.1186/s12944-021-01490-0.

Associations between remnant lipoprotein cholesterol and central systolic blood pressure in a Chinese community-based population: a cross-sectional study

Kaiyin Li  1 , Fangfang Fan  1 , Bo Zheng  1 , Jia Jia  1 , Bo Liu  1 , Jiahui Liu  1 , Chuyun Chen  1 , Jing Zhou #  2 , Yan Zhang #  3   4 , Yong Huo  1
Affiliations

Associations between remnant lipoprotein cholesterol and central systolic blood pressure in a Chinese community-based population: a cross-sectional study

Kaiyin Li et al. Lipids Health Dis. .

Abstract

Background: The lipid profile is reportedly related to peripheral blood pressure or pulse wave velocity. However, no studies have investigated the associations between lipid parameters, especially remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C), and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP).

Methods: This study used baseline data of a community-based cohort in Beijing, China. Participants who had been treated with anti-hypertensive or lipid-lowering agents were excluded. RLP-C is equal to total cholesterol (TC) minus the sum of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). An Omron HEM-9000AI device was used to measure non-invasive cSBP. The associations between blood lipid profile and non-invasive cSBP were evaluated using multivariable regression models.

Results: The 5173 included participants were 55.0 ± 8.5 years old; 35.7% (1845) of participants were men. Increased cSBP was significantly associated with increased TC, LDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and RLP-C but with decreased HDL-C, even after adjusting for possible covariates. When simultaneously entering individual pairs of RLP-C and other blood lipid parameters into the multivariable regression model, RLP-C remained significantly associated with cSBP, even after adjusting for other lipids. Compared with participants who had RLP-C levels in the first quartile (Q1), cSBP for those with RLP-C in Q4 was increased to 4.57 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.08-6.06) mmHg after adjusting for LDL-C, 4.50 (95%CI: 2.98-6.02) mmHg after adjusting for TC, 3.91 (95%CI: 1.92-5.89) mmHg after adjusting for TG, 5.15 (95%CI: 3.67-6.63) mmHg after adjusting for HDL-C, and 4.10 (95%CI: 2.36-5.84) mmHg after adjusting for non-HDL-C.

Conclusions: Increased blood RLP-C level was significantly associated with higher cSBP in a Chinese population, independently of other lipids, which indicates its importance in individual cardiovascular risk assessment.

Keywords: Arterial stiffness; Cholesterol; Lipids; Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Non-invasive central systolic blood pressure; Remnant lipoprotein cholesterol; Triglyceride.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Smoothing curve of cSBP by lipid parameter. Adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, smoking, alcohol use, diabetes mellitus, antidiabetic drug use, myocardial infarction and stroke. A: Association between TC and cSBP. B: Association between TG and cSBP. C: Association between HDL-C and cSBP. D: Association between LDL-C and cSBP. E: Association between non-HDL-C and cSBP. F: Association between RLP-C and cSBP. cSBP: central systolic blood pressure; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; non-HDL-C: non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; RLP-C: remnant lipoprotein cholesterol
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