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Review
. 2021 Jun 11:12:668045.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668045. eCollection 2021.

Multi-Omics Approaches in Immunological Research

Xiaojing Chu  1   2   3 , Bowen Zhang  2   3 , Valerie A C M Koeken  2   3   4 , Manoj Kumar Gupta  2   3 , Yang Li  1   2   3   4
Affiliations
Review

Multi-Omics Approaches in Immunological Research

Xiaojing Chu et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

The immune system plays a vital role in health and disease, and is regulated through a complex interactive network of many different immune cells and mediators. To understand the complexity of the immune system, we propose to apply a multi-omics approach in immunological research. This review provides a complete overview of available methodological approaches for the different omics data layers relevant for immunological research, including genetics, epigenetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and cellomics. Thereafter, we describe the various methods for data analysis as well as how to integrate different layers of omics data. Finally, we discuss the possible applications of multi-omics studies and opportunities they provide for understanding the complex regulatory networks as well as immune variation in various immune-related diseases.

Keywords: immune variation; immune-related diseases; integrative analysis; multi-omics; systems immunology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Overview of omics data.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Central dogma and regulations of different omics layers.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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