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. 2021 Feb 13;20(1):427-438.
doi: 10.1007/s40200-021-00762-x. eCollection 2021 Jun.

High anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activities of Hammada elegans (Bge.)Botsch (Chenopodiaceae) extracts: an in vivo assessment

Brahim Asseli  1 , Amar Djeridane  1 , Reguia Mahfoudi  1 , Mohamed Yousfi  1
Affiliations

High anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activities of Hammada elegans (Bge.)Botsch (Chenopodiaceae) extracts: an in vivo assessment

Brahim Asseli et al. J Diabetes Metab Disord. .

Abstract

Background: Several medicinal plants are used in the steep area of Algeria (Laghouat) for treatment of inflammation and diabetes. Furthermore, Hammada elegans Botsch. (Chenopodiaceae) a xerophytic plant popularly known as (Ajram) is widely spread perennial shrub in Laghouat region and it is traditionally used to treat inflammation and diabete. Then, the objective of this work is to study for the first time the in vivo anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and acute toxicity effects of acetonic, methanolic and aqueous Hammada elegans Botsch extracts.

Methods: The acute toxicity test was performed according to the OECD method using single increasing doses (50-1500 mg/kg bw). The anti-inflammatory effect is investigated in Wistar rats by using the rat paw edema assay. The antidiabetic activity was evaluated in vivo using three tests: short-term test (in non-diabetic rats), starch-induced hyperglycemia test (in non-diabetic rats) and long-term alloxan test (experimental diabetes).

Results: The acute toxicity results show no deaths in rats and no clinical signs of toxicity. The anti-inflammatory effects showed that all extracts significantly inhibit rat paw edema (EC50 less than 345.51 ± 0.29 mg/kg bw). Therefore, the acetonic extract (EC50 = 157.45 ± 0.33 mg/kg bw) had the more active anti-inflammatory activity than that of the standard inhibitor "Ibuprofen". In addition, the evaluation of the antidiabetic activities by three tests shows that: in, in the short-term test, there was no important decrease in normal rats glucose rate, while in the starch-induced hyperglycemia test, the aqueous extract decreased significantly hyperglycemia (57.21 ± 1.24 mg AEAC / kg bw) compared to all tested extracts. While in the long-term test, the acetone extract significantly decreased hyperglycemia (9.18 ± 0.72 mg GEAC / kg bw) compared to all the tested extracts.

Conclusions: Hammada elegans Botsch extracts seem to have therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of the inflammation and diabetes.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory agents; Diabetes mellitus; Hammada elegans extracts; Rats Wistar.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Concentration-response curves for anti-inflammatory inhibition capacity of Hammada elegans Bosch extracts and standards measured at 300 min,. n = 5 ± SD for each group (p < 0.001)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Changes in blood glucose level in normal rats treated with extracts of Hamada elegans Botsch(100 mg/kg bw) measured by the short-term test. n = 5 ± SD for each group, p < 0.0001
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Kinetics of extracts and acarbose in the starch-induced hyperglycemia test. n = 5 ± SD for each group. p < 0.0001
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Calibration curve of acarbose (Starch-induced hyperglycemia test) n = 5 ± SD for each group. p < 0.0001
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Calibration curves of glibenclamide (long-term test) established at 7th, 9th, 11th, and 13thdays. n = 6 ± SD for each group. p < 0.0001
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Effect of Hamada elegans Botsch extracts and glibenclamide on body weight (long-term test). n = 6 ± SD for each group, p < 0.0001
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