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. 2021 May;63(3):593-602.
doi: 10.5187/jast.2021.e39. Epub 2021 May 31.

Comparative analysis of dietary exosome-derived microRNAs from human, bovine and caprine colostrum and mature milk

Bohyun Yun  1 , Younghoon Kim  2 , Dong June Park  3 , Sangnam Oh  1
Affiliations

Comparative analysis of dietary exosome-derived microRNAs from human, bovine and caprine colostrum and mature milk

Bohyun Yun et al. J Anim Sci Technol. 2021 May.

Abstract

Mammalian milk including microRNAs (miRNAs) as a novel class of noncoding RNAs, that can be transferred to infants and it plays on a critical role in biological functions such as immune regulation and development. However, the origin and functional importance of milk-derived miRNAs are still undetermined. This study applied RNA sequencing to explore the featured profiles of miRNA expression in colostrum and mature milk-originated exosomes from human, bovine, and caprine milk. These dietary exosome-derived miRNAs are highly conserved in human, bovine and caprine milk. Interestingly, abundant miRNAs expressed in human milk are similarly conserved across species. In addition, we confirmed that immune-related miRNAs (miR-30a-5p, miR-22-3p, and miR-26a) are commonly observed in the colostrum and mature milk of cows and caprines as well as humans. Our results provide new insights and resources for investigating the functionality of immune-associated miRNAs and evaluating physiological and biological condition in human, bovine and caprine milk as biomarkers.

Keywords: Colostrum; Dietary exosome; Mammals; Mature milk; MicroRNA.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.. MicroRNAs expressed in exosomes derived from human breast colostrum and mature milk.
(A) Expression patterns of miRNAs expressed in human colostrum and mature milk. (B) Venn diagram depicting miRNAs expressed in human colostrum and mature milk. (C) Abundance profile of miRNAs in percentage (%) for each miRNA of colostrum and mature milk in the top 10 miRNAs read (indicated with red) by next generation sequencing (NGS).
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.. MicroRNA expressed in exosomes from bovine colostrum and mature milk.
(A) Expression patterns of miRNAs expressed in bovine colostrum and mature milk. (B) Venn diagram depicting miRNAs expressed in bovine colostrum and mature milk. (C) Abundance profile of miRNAs in percentage (%) for each miRNA of colostrum and mature milk in the top 10 miRNAs read (indicated with red) by next generation sequencing (NGS).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.. MicroRNA expressed in exosomes from caprine colostrum and mature milk.
(A) Expression patterns of miRNAs expressed in caprine colostrum and mature milk. (B) Venn diagram depicting miRNAs expressed in human colostrum and mature milk. (C) Abundance profile of miRNAs in percentage (%) for each miRNA of colostrum and mature milk in the top 10 miRNAs read (indicated with red) by next generation sequencing (NGS).
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.. Comparative analysis of exosome-derived microRNA in human, bovine and caprine colostrum and mature milk.
(A) Venn diagram depicting the top 10 miRNAs expressed in human, bovine and caprine colostrum and mature milk. (B) Venn diagram depicting the top 10 miRNAs expressed in mature milk of humans, bovines and caprines. (C) Venn diagram depicting the top 10 miRNAs expressed in common in colostrum and mature milk from humans, bovines and caprines.
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