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. 2021 Jun 4;10(6):1147.
doi: 10.3390/plants10061147.

Dissecting Source-Sink Relationship of Subtending Leaf for Yield and Fiber Quality Attributes in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Naimatullah Mangi  1 , Mian Faisal Nazir  1 , Xiaoyan Wang  2 , Muhammad Shahid Iqbal  1   3 , Zareen Sarfraz  1 , Ghulam Hussain Jatoi  4 , Tahir Mahmood  1 , Qifeng Ma  1 , Fan Shuli  1
Affiliations

Dissecting Source-Sink Relationship of Subtending Leaf for Yield and Fiber Quality Attributes in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Naimatullah Mangi et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Photosynthesis as a source is a significant contributor to the reproductive sink affecting cotton yield and fiber quality. Moreover, carbon assimilation from subtending leaves adds up a significant proportion to the reproductive sink. Therefore, this study aimed to address the source-sink relationship of boll subtending leaf with fiber quality and yield related traits in upland cotton. A core collection of 355 upland cotton accessions was subjected to subtending leaf removal treatment effects across 2 years. The analysis of variance suggested a significant effect range in the source-sink relationship under subtending leaf removal effects at different growth stages. Further insight into the variation was provided by the correlation analysis and principal component analysis. A significant positive correlation between different traits was observed and the multivariate analysis including hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) categorised germplasm accessions into three groups on the basis of four subtending leaf removal treatment effects across 2 years. A set of genotypes with the lowest and highest treatment effects has been identified. Selected accessions and the outcome of the current study may provide a basis for a further study to explore the molecular mechanism of source-sink relationship of boll subtending leaf and utilization of breeding programs focused on cotton improvement.

Keywords: cotton boll; multivariate analysis; source-sink relationship; subtending leaf; upland cotton.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of four treatment effects of subtending leaf removal on fiber quality and yield related traits among 355 upland cotton accessions across years 2018 and 2019. Legends on the top right in different colors depict nine evaluated phenotypic traits.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Scatterplot matrix to visualize several attributes by pairwise dependencies of nine fiber quality and yield related traits. The upper triangle matrix represents the correlations among source-sink effects of nine studied traits. Histograms at diagonal depict the shape of frequency distribution for the data of investigated traits, whereas the lower triangle matrix reveals the bivariate density distribution with ellipses between each pair of traits. The legends at the top right corner of the color gradient (red to blue) and the size of circles show the amount of correlation and log p-value for significance threshold, respectively.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Squared cosines associated with the principal components for the studied traits, treatment effects (E1–E4), and years 2018 and 2019.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Summary plots with (left) biplot between PC1 and PC2 displaying the distribution of 355 upland accessions across treatment effects and years; (right) contribution of different traits in variation for genotypes, treatment effects, and years.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Scatterplot of PC1, PC2, and PC3 displaying the contribution of different traits.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Hierarchical clustering of 355 upland cotton accessions for yield related and fiber quality traits based on treatment effects across years 2018 and 2019.
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