Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Jun 10;10(6):698.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10060698.

Systemic Antibiotic Prophylaxis to Reduce Early Implant Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Elisabet Roca-Millan  1 , Albert Estrugo-Devesa  1 , Alexandra Merlos  2 , Enric Jané-Salas  1 , Teresa Vinuesa  2 , José López-López  1
Affiliations
Review

Systemic Antibiotic Prophylaxis to Reduce Early Implant Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Elisabet Roca-Millan et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

Systemic antibiotics are routinely prescribed in implant procedures, but the lack of consensus causes large differences between clinicians regarding antibiotic prophylaxis regimens. The objectives of this systematic review are to assess the need to prescribe antibiotics to prevent early implant failure and find the most appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis regimen. The electronic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scielo and Cochrane Central Trials Database for randomized clinical trials of at least 3 months of follow-up. Eleven studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Antibiotics were found to statistically significantly reduce early implant failures (RR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19-0.47, p < 0.00001; heterogeneity I2 = 0%, p = 0.54). No differences were seen between preoperative or both pre- and postoperative antibiotic regimens (RR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.21-1.55, p = 0.27; heterogeneity I2 = 0%, p = 0.37). A single preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis dose was found to be enough to significantly reduce early implant failures compared to no antibiotic (RR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.53, p < 0.00001; heterogeneity I2 = 0%, p = 0.61). In conclusion, in healthy patients a single antibiotic prophylaxis dose is indicated to prevent early implant failure.

Keywords: antibiotics; dental implants; early implant failure; meta-analysis; systematic review; systemic antibiotic prophylaxis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram of the selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of bias within the included studies. (a) Traffic light plots of the domain-level judgements for each individual study; (b) weighted bar plots of the distribution of the risk of bias judgement for each domain.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of bias within the included studies. (a) Traffic light plots of the domain-level judgements for each individual study; (b) weighted bar plots of the distribution of the risk of bias judgement for each domain.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot for the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis versus no antibiotic or placebo on early implant failure.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot for the effect of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis versus both pre- and postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis on early implant failure.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot for the effect of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis versus no antibiotic or placebo on early implant failure.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Esposito M., Hirsch J.M., Lekholm U., Thomsen P. Biological factors contributing to failures of osseointegrated oral implants. (I). Success criteria and epidemiology. Eur. J. Oral. Sci. 1998;106:527–551. doi: 10.1046/j.0909-8836..t01-2-.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Chrcanovic B.R., Kisch J., Albrektsson T., Wennerberg A. Factors Influencing Early Dental Implant Failures. J. Dent. Res. 2016;95:995–1002. doi: 10.1177/0022034516646098. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Van Steenberghe D., Jacobs R., Desnyder M., Maffei G., Quirynen M. The relative impact of local and endogenous patient-related factors on implant failure up to the abutment stage: Early implant failure. Clin. Oral. Implants Res. 2002;13:617–622. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2002.130607.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sakka S., Baroudi K., Nassani M.Z. Factors associated with early and late failure of dental implants. J. Investig. Clin. Dent. 2012;3:258–261. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-1626.2012.00162.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Troiano G., Lo Russo L., Canullo L., Ciavarella D., Lo Muzio L., Laino L. Early and late implant failure of submerged versus non-submerged implant healing: A systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 2018;45:613–623. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12890. - DOI - PubMed