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Review
. 2021 Jun 8;10(6):933.
doi: 10.3390/antiox10060933.

Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology and Diseases

Andrea Gila-Diaz  1 , Gloria Herranz Carrillo  2 , Pratibha Singh  3 , David Ramiro-Cortijo  3
Affiliations
Review

Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology and Diseases

Andrea Gila-Diaz et al. Antioxidants (Basel). .

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Unresolved inflammation plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases development. Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators (SPMs), derived from long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), enhances the host defense, by resolving the inflammation and tissue repair. In addition, SPMs also have anti-inflammatory properties. These physiological effects depend on the availability of LCPUFAs precursors and cellular metabolic balance. Most of the studies have focused on the impact of SPMs in adult cardiovascular health and diseases. In this review, we discuss LCPUFAs metabolism, SPMs, and their potential effect on cardiovascular health and diseases primarily focusing in neonates. A better understanding of the role of these SPMs in cardiovascular health and diseases in neonates could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches in cardiovascular dysfunction.

Keywords: cardiovascular diseases; long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids; newborn; oxylipins; premature infant; specialized pro-resolving mediators.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pathways to synthesize n-6 LCPUFA-derived lipid mediators and their functions focusing on the cardiovascular system and vascular endothelial function. C18:2n-6, Linoleic acid; C18:3n-6, γ-Linolenic acid; C20:3n-6; Dihomo-γ-Linolenic acid; C20:4n-6, Arachidonic acid; ROS, Reactive Oxidative Species. ↓ = Decreases; ↑ = Increases. Modified from [55].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pathways to synthesize n-3 LCPUFA-derived lipid mediators and its function focusing on the cardiovascular system and vascular endothelial function. C18:3n-3, α-Linolenic acid; C18:4n-3, Stearidonic acid; C20:4n-3, Eicosatetraenoic acid; C20:5n-3, Eicosapensaenoic acid; C22:5n-3, Docosapentaenoic acid; C24:5n-3, Tetracosapentaenoic acid; C24:6n-3, Tetracosahexaenoic acid; C22:5n-3, Docosahexaenoic acid; ROS, Reactive Oxidative Species. ↓ = Decreases; ↑ = Increases. Modified from [55].
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